Abstract
In methanol-limited continuous cultures of the obligate methylotrophic bacteriumMethylobacillus flagellatum grown at rates from 0.05 to 0.63 h-1, and also in an oxyturbidostat culture ofM. flagellatum growing at the rate of 0.73 h-1, levels of methanol dehydrogenase, enzymes of formaldehyde oxidation (both linear and cyclic) and assimilation (RuMP cycle), a number of intermediary metabolism and TCA cycle enzymes and also ‘dye-linked’ formaldehyde dehydrogenase were determined. It was shown that the activities of dissimilatory enzymes, with the exception of ‘dye-linked’ formaldehyde dehydrogenase, decreased with increasing growth rate. Activities of assimilative enzymes and activities of the TCA cycle enzymes detected as well as the ‘dye-linked’ formaldehyde dehydrogenase activity, increased with increasing growth rate. A periplasmic location was shown for the latter enzyme and a role in formaldehyde detoxification was proposed.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Alefounder PR & Ferguson SJ (1981) A periplasmic location for methanol dehydrogenase fromParacoccus denitrificans: implications for proton pumping by cytochromeaa 3. BBRC 98: 778–784
Anthony C (1982) The Biochemistry of Methylotrophs. Academic Press, London.
Anthony C & Zatman J (1965) The microbial oxidation of methanol. Biochem J 96: 808–812
Baev MV, Polanuer BM & Kapultsevich YG (1987) Continuous cultivation of the methylotrophic yeastHansenula polymorpha without external limitation. Mikrobiologiya (USSR) 56: 157–159
Ben-Bassat A, Goldberg I & Mateles RI (1980) Distribution of methanol carbon between assimilation and oxidation in methanol-grownPseudomonas C. J Gen Microbiol 116: 213–223
Boer Lde, Euverink GJ, van derVlag J & Dijkhuizen L (1990) Regulation of methanol metabolism in the facultative methylotrophNocardia sp. 239 during growth on mixed substrates in batch- and continuous cultures. Arch Microbiol 153: 337–343
Brooke AG & Attwood MM (1985) Regulation of enzyme synthesis inHyphomicrobium X: Growth on mixtures of methylamine and ethanol in continuous cultures. FEMS Microbiol Lett 29: 251–256
Bussineau CM, Keuer TA, I-Ming Chu & Papoutsakis ET (1987) Effect of growth conditions on enzyme activities, intracellular kinetics and biomass yields of a new RuMP-type methylotroph (T15). Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 26: 61–69
Bussineau CM & Papoutsakis ET (1986) Intracellular reaction rates, enzyme activities and biomass yields inMethylomonas L3: Growth rate and substrate composition effects. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 24: 435–442
Chu IM, Bussineau CM & Papoutsakis ET (1985) Direct measurement of carbon substrate oxidation and incorporation patterns in RuMP-type methylotrophs: Chemostatic cultures ofMethylomonas L3. Biotechnol Bioeng XXVII: 1623–1633
Cleland WW, Thompson VW & Barden RE (1969) Methods in Enzymology, Vol 13, Lowenstein JM (Ed). Academic Press, New York
Colby J & Zatman LJ (1975) Enzymological aspects of the pathway for trimethylamine oxidation and C-1 assimilation in obligate and restricted facultative methylotrophs. Biochem J 148: 513–520
Dahl JS, Mehta RJ & Hoare DS (1972) A new obligate methylotroph. J Bacteriol 109: 916–921
Duchars MG & Attwood MM (1989) The influence of C:N ratio in the growth medium on the cellular composition and regulation of enzyme activity inHyphomicrobium X. J Gen Microbiol 135: 787–793
Govorukhina NI, Kletsova LV, Tsygankov YD, Trotsenko YA & Netrusov AI (1987) Characteristics of a new obligate methylotrophous bacterium. Mikrobiologiya (USSR) 56: 849–854
Greenwood (Quilter) JA & Jones CW (1986) Environmental regulation of the methanol-oxidase system ofMethylophilus methylotrophus. J Gen Microbiol 132: 1247–1256
Johnson PA & Quayle JR (1964) Microbial growth on C-1 compounds. Oxidation of methanol, formaldehyde and formate by methanol-grownPseudomonas sp. AM1. Bichem J 93: 281–289
Jones CW, Greenwood JA, Burton SM, Santos H & Turner DL (1987) Environmental regulation of methanol and formaldehyde metabolism byMethylophilus methylotrophus. J Gen Microbiol 133: 1511–1519
Kalb VF & Bernlohr RW (1977) A new spectrophotometric assay for protein in cell extracts. Anal Biochem 82: 362–371
Kiriukhin MY, Chistoserdov AY & Tsygankov YD (1990) Methylamine dehydrogenase fromMethylobacillus flagellatum. In: Lidstrom ME (Ed) Methods of Enzymology, Vol 188. Academic Press, Inc.
Kiriuchin MY, Kletsova LV, Chistoserdov AY & Tsygankov YD (1988) Properties of glucose 6-phosphate and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenases of the obligate methylotrophMethylobacillus flagellatum KT. FEMS Microbiol Lett 52: 199–204
Kletsova LV, Govorukhina NI, Tsygankov YD & Trotsenko YA (1987) Metabolism of the obligate methylotrophMethylobacillus flagellatum. Mikrobiologiya (USSR) 56: 901–906
Levering PR, Croes LM & Dijkhuizen L (1986) Regulation of methylamine and formaldehyde metabolism inArthrobacter P1. Formaldehyde is the inducing signal for the synthesis of the RuMP cycle enzyme hexulose phosphate synthase. Arch Microbiol 144: 279–285
Matin A (1980) Regulation of enzyme synthesis as studied continuous culture. In: Callcott PH (Ed) Continuous Culture of Cells (pp 69–97). West Palm Beach, CRC
Miller JH (1972) Experiments in Molecular Genetics. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor New York
Quayle JR (1980) Aspects of the regulation of methylotrophic metabolism. FEBS Lett 117: 16–27
Reed LJ & Mukherjee BB (1969) Methods in Enzymology, Vol 13, Lowenstain JM (Ed). Academic Press, New York
Roitsch T & Stolp H (1985) Overproduction of methanol dehydrogenase in glucose grown cells of a restricted RuMP type methylotroph. Arch Microbiol 142: 34–39
Roitsch T & Stolp H (1986) Synthesis of dissimilatory enzymes of serine type methylotrophs under different growth conditions. Arch Microbiol 144: 245–247
Samuelov NS (1989) Mixed substrate-metabolism in an obligate methanol utilizer: chemostat studies. Biotechnol Bioeng 33: 211–215
Southgate G & Goodwin PM (1989) The regulation of exopolysaccharide production and enzymes involved in C-1 assimilation inMethylophilus methylotrophus. J. Gen Microbiol 135: 2859–2867
Stirling DI & Dalton H (1977) Effect of metal-binding agents and other compounds on methane oxidation by two strains ofMethylococcus capsulatus. Arch Microbiol 114: 71–76
Vries GEde, Harms N, Maurer K, Papendrecht A & Stouthamer AH (1988) Physiological regulation ofParacoccus denitrificans methanol dehydrogenase synthesis and activity. J Bacteriol 170: 3731–3737
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Chistoserdova, L.V., Chistoserdov, A.Y., Schklyar, N.L. et al. Oxidative and assimilative enzyme activities in continuous cultures of the obligate methylotrophMethylobacillus flagellatum . Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 60, 101–107 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00572699
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00572699