Abstract
The Williams-Watts (WW) relaxation function has been widely used to describe the relaxation behaviour of many systems. In the present work the range of applicability of the WW response was extensively tested by the analysis of experiments in both the time and the frequency domains. On the other hand, the analysed experiments covered a wide time-scale for the characteristic relaxation times. Some related topics were also considered, i.e. our procedures in obtaining the associated activation energy spectra or the distribution of relaxation times. The relationship between time-domain and frequency-domain relaxation responses was also analysed. In light of our results the universality of the WW response, appears to be good at least for the time-scales and the different probes covered by our experiments.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
K. S. Cole andR. H. Cole,J. Chem. Phys. 9 (1941) 341.
D. W. Davidson andR. H. Cole,ibid. 19 (1951) 1484.
G. Williams andD. C. Watts,Trans. Faraday Soc. 66 (1970) 80.
C. T. Moynihan, L. P. Boesch andN. L. Laberge,Phys. Chem. Glasses 14 (1973) 122.
J. T. Bendler andK. L. Ngai,Macromolecules 17 (1984) 1174.
A. Muñoz andF. L. Cumbrera,Therm. Acta 196 (1992) 137.
K. L. Ngai, A. K. Rajagopal andC. Y. Huang,J. Appl. Phys. 55 (1984) 15.
C. De Dominicis, H. Orland andF. Lainee,J. Phys. Lett. 46 (1985) L463.
E. W. Montroll andJ. T. Bendler,J. Stat. Phs. 34 (1984) 129.
J. R. MacDonald,J. Appl. Phys. 62 (1987) R51.
A. Agrawal andR. L. Zhang,Phys. Chem. Glasses 29 (1988) 141.
W. Primak,Phys. Rev. 100 (1955) 1677.
J. Castaing, M. Spendel, J. Philibert, A. Dominguez-Rodriguez andR. Marquez,Rev. Phys. Appl. 15 (1980) 277.
F. Guiberteau, M. Jimenez-Melendo, A. Dominguez-Rodriguez, R. Marquez andJ. Castaing,Cryst. Latt. Def. Amorph. Mater. 16 (1987) 91.
A. Muñoz, F. L. Cumbrera andR. Marquez, “Current Topics on Non-Crystalline Solids” (World Scientific, Singapore 1986) p. 211.
F. L. Cumbrera andA. Muñoz,Therm. Acta 144 (1989) 123.
R. B. Stephens,J. Appl. Phys. 49 (1978) 5855.
J. Grenet, J. P. Larmagnac, P. Michon andC. Vautier,Thin Solid Films 76 (1981) 53.
F. Alvarez, A. Alegria andJ. Colmenero,Phys. Rev. B 44 (1991) 7306.
D. W. Marquardt.J. Soc. Ind. Appl. Math. 11 (1963) 431.
J. C. Li,J. Phys. 45 (1967) 493.
D. J. Lloyd, P. J. Worthington andJ. D. Embury,Philos. Mag. 22 (1970) 1147.
F. C. Aifantis andW. W. Gerberich,Mater. Sci. Eng. 21 (1975) 107.
M. Grosbras, E. Dedieu andM. Cahoreau,Phys. Status Solidi (a) 42 (1977) 449.
G. Schoeck,ibid. 87 (1985) 571.
K. K. Ray andA. K. Mallik,Mater. Sci. Eng. 59 (1983) 59.
P. Feltham, J. Inst. Metals89 (1961) 210.
A. G. Evans andR. D. Rawlings,Phys. Status Solids 34 (1969) 9.
P. Sarkar andP. Nicholson,J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 72 (1989) 1447.
P. B. Macedo, C. T. Moynihan andR. Bose,Phys. Chem. Glasses 13 (1972) 171.
J. D. Ferry, “Viscoelastic properties of Polymers” (Wiley, New York, 1961).
H. Pollard, Bull. Am. Math. Soc.52 (1946) 908.
J. D. Ferry andM. L. Williams,J. Colloid. Sci. 7 (1952) 347.
N. W. Tschoegl, “The theory of linear viscoelastic behaviour” (Academic Press, New York, 1981).
L. Schwarzl andA. J. Staverman,Appl. Sci. Res. 4 (1953) 127.
M. R. J. Gibbs, J. E. Evetts andJ. A. Leake,J. Mater Sci. 18 (1983) 278.
A. Muñoz, F. L. Cumbrera andR. Marquez,Mater. Chem. Phys. 21 (1989) 279.
B. C. Cook,Nucl. Instrum. Meth. 24 (1963) 256.
De Ceuninck, Z. Ruyan, G. Knuyt, L. Schepper andL. M. Stals,Mater. Sci. Eng. 97 (1988) 545.
J. Perez,J. de Phys. C10 (1985) 427.
idem, Rev. Phys. Appl. 21 (1986) 93.
A. Dominguez-Rodriguez, J. Castaing, H. Koisumi andT. Suzuki,ibid. 23 (1988) 1361.
J. Colmenero, A. Alegria, J. M. Alberdi, F. Alvarez andB. Frick,Phys. Rev. B 44 (1991) 7321.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Cumbrera, F.L., Sanchez-Bajo, F., Guiberteau, F. et al. The Williams-Watts dependence as a common phenomenological approach to relaxation processes in condensed matter. J Mater Sci 28, 5387–5396 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00570095
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00570095