Abstract
Methane, a near-term climate forcer exhibiting a global warming capacity 90-fold higher compared to carbon dioxide on a 10-year horizon, is the second most prevalent greenhouse gas (GHG) within the global GHG inventory. Both physical/chemical and biological technologies are available for the treatment of CH4 emissions, the later also allowing for the production of high-added value products such as polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) at significantly lower raw material costs. Among CH4 biotechnologies, turbulent contactors such as stirred tank reactors or bubble column bioreactors have been the most employed for the methanotrophic production of PHAs under nutrient-limited conditions. However, the moderate biomass productivities achieved at the expense of high energy consumption in these systems has headed the most recent research towards the development of new bioreactor configurations and the implementation of strategies to enhance CH4 mass transfer, such as the internal gas recycling or the use of non-aqueous phases. Also, the specificity of type II methanotrophs to accumulate these bioproducts, mainly as poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), has stimulated the development of novel enrichment procedures based on modifications in the nitrogen source and concentration, the oxygen content, the pH and the composition of micronutrients (e.g. Cu2+) to effectively select this type of methanotrophs. Finally, current research is focused on the use of co-substrates during methanotrophic cultivation to increase PHA yields and modify the composition of the biocomposite, thus enhancing the thermal and mechanical properties of the product and boosting its widespread production at industrial-scale.
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López, J.C., Rodríguez, Y., Pérez, V., Lebrero, R., Muñoz, R. (2019). CH4-Based Polyhydroxyalkanoate Production: A Step Further Towards a Sustainable Bioeconomy. In: Kalia, V. (eds) Biotechnological Applications of Polyhydroxyalkanoates. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3759-8_11
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