Abstract
Global Patent Acts are the most popular and effective way to protect intellectual properties in academics, industry, corporate, etc. Patents are peculiarity abbreviated as IP law and implications of its civil rights are given to the inventor/assignee for a stipulated period of time with respect to inventions which are novel, are non-obvious, and have industrial utility. Lychee Biotechnology has huge potential to offer societal issues at farming level which must be discussed at industrial and academia level. Patents can be given to farmers (stakeholders) for their novel approaches in harvesting the products which could be enhanced with high-throughput technology. Here we discuss the country’s patent law, the scopes of patentable claims for lychee plants/products, and those that can popularize the lychee in international market.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bhatti HN, Akram N, Asgher M (2008) Optimization of culture conditions for enhanced decolorization of cibacron red FN-2BL by Schizophyllum commune IBL-6. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 149(3):255–264
Binenbaum E, Nottenburg C, Pardey PG, Wright BD, Zambrano P (2003) South-north trade, intellectual property jurisdictions, and freedom to operate in agricultural research on staple crops. Econ Dev Cult Change 51(2):309–335
Bjornstad A (2016) Do not privatize the Giant’s shoulders’: rethinking patents in plant breeding. Trends Biotechnol 34(8):609–617
Bonny S (2014) Taking stock of the genetically modified seed sector worldwide: market, stakeholders, and prices. Food Secur 6(4):525–540
Caramelo L, Martinez MJ, Martinez AT (1999) A search for ligninolytic peroxidases in the fungus pleurotus eryngii involving alpha-keto-gamma-thiomethylbutyric acid and lignin model dimers. Appl Environ Microbiol. 65(3):916–22. PMCID: 91123
Chen Z, Zhao JT, Qin YH, Hu GB (2016) Study on the graft compatibility between ‘Jingganghongnuo’ and other litchi cultivars. Sci Hortic-Amsterdam 199:56–62
Darah I, Ibrahim CO (1998) Laboratory-scale production of lignin-degrading enzymes by free and entrapped cells of Phanerochaete chrysosporium in a tubular air-lift bioreactor. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 43(2):161–168
Diamond v. Chakrabarty (1980) 16 Jun 1980. U S Rep U S Supreme Court. 1980;447:303–22
Fleck B, Baldock C (2003) Intellectual property protection for plant-related inventions in Europe. Nat Rev Genet. 4(10):834–838
Gontier E, Thomasset B, Wallington E, Wilmer J (2008) Plant Cyclopropane Fatty Acid Synthase Genes and Uses Thereof. Google Patents; 2008.
Google Patents (2011) Method for constructing lichi core collection by using EST-SSR (Expresses Sequence Tag-Simple Sequence Repeat) molecular marker
Google Patents (2013) Promoter from Litchi chinensis and application thereof
Google Patents (2014a) Litchi R2R3-MYB gene LcMYB1 and application thereof
Google Patents (2014b) Litchi chinensis fruit senescence start mark gene and application thereof
Google Patents (2015) Gene LcFLC for retarding flowering time of plants and application thereof
Google Patents (2016) 荔枝细胞壁酸性转化酶基因及其应用 Litchi cell wall acid invertase gene and its application
Gottschalk LM, Bon EP, Nobrega R (2008) Lignin peroxidase from Streptomyces viridosporus T7A: enzyme concentration using ultrafiltration. Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 147(1–3):23–32
Hammel KE, Cullen D (2008) Role of fungal peroxidases in biological ligninolysis. Curr Opin Plant Biol 11(3):349–355
Howard PH (2015) Intellectual Property and Consolidation in the Seed Industry. Crop Sci 55(6):2489–2495
IUftPoNVoPU. Getting the Most out of your New Plant Variety. [cited 2016 26/7]; Available from: http://www.wipo.int/sme/en/documents/upov_plant_variety_fulltext.html
Jefferson OA, Kollhofer D, Ehrich TH, Jefferson RA (2015) Gene patent practice across plant and human genomes. Nat Biotechnol 33(10):1033–1038
Jorge Fernandez-Cornejo SW, Mike Livingston, and Lorraine Mitchell (2014) Genetically Engineered Crops in the United States. Economic Research Report: United States Department of Agriculture, Service ER; 2014. Report No.: 162 Contract No.: Document Number|
Li DS, Liao CY, Zhang BX, Song ZW (2014) Biological control of insect pests in litchi orchards in China. Biol Control 68:23–36
Martinez-Castellanos G, Pelayo-Zaldivar C, Perez-Flores LJ, Lopez-Luna A, Gimeno M, Barzana E et al (2011) Postharvest litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) quality preservation by Lactobacillus plantarum. Postharvest Biol Tec 59(2):172–178
Menzel CM (1985) Propagation of Lychee – a Review. Sci Hortic-Amsterdam 25(1):31–48
Pandey N, Joshi SK, Singh CP, Kumar S, Rajput S, Khandal RK (2013) Enhancing shelf life of litchi (Litchi chinensis) fruit through integrated approach of surface coating and gamma irradiation. Radiat Phys Chem. 85:197–203
Patents on Biotechnology. European Patent Office (2016) [updated 2016 6.3.2016; cited 2016 7/26]; Available from: https://www.epo.org/news-issues/issues/biotechnology.html
Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers’ Rights Authority (PPV & FRA) Government of India ND. Guidelines for the Conduct of Test for Distinctiveness, Uniformity and Stability on Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) [cited 2016 27/7]; Available from: http://plantauthority.gov.in/pdf/Litchiguideline.pdf
Sahai S (2001) India’s plant variety protection and farmers’ rights act.
Takamiya M, Magan N, Warner PJ (2008) Impact assessment of bisphenol A on lignin-modifying enzymes by basidiomycete Trametes versicolor. J Hazard Mater 154(1–3):33–37
Tang L, Zeng GM, Shen GL, Zhang Y, Huang GH, Li JB (2006) Simultaneous amperometric determination of lignin peroxidase and manganese peroxidase activities in compost bioremediation using artificial neural networks. Anal Chim Acta 579(1):109–116
Thomasset B, Wallington E, Wilmer J, Gougeon S, Gontier E (2007) Lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase genes and uses thereof. Google Patents; 2007
Transperency Market Research (2015) Global agricultural biotechnology market to be propelled by demand for quality food. [updated 2015; cited 2016 26/7]; Available from: http://www.transparencymarketresearch.com/article/agricultural-biotechnology-market.htm
Vassilev N, Vassileva M, Lopez A, Martos V, Reyes A, Maksimovic I et al (2015) Unexploited potential of some biotechnological techniques for biofertilizer production and formulation. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 99(12):4983–4996
Yeo S, Kim MK, Choi HT (2008) Increased expression of laccase by the addition of phthalates in Phlebia tremellosa. FEMS Microbiol Lett 278(1):72–77
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Sahoo, N., Bhattacharya, S.S. (2017). Intellectual Property Rights Protection in Plants: Scopes in Lychee Commercialization. In: Kumar, M., Kumar, V., Prasad, R., Varma, A. (eds) The Lychee Biotechnology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3644-6_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3644-6_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-10-3643-9
Online ISBN: 978-981-10-3644-6
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)