Abstract
The trend for using disposable bioreactors in modern biotechnological processes has also been adopted for plant cell cultivations. In fact, plant cell cultures are now being grown in disposable bioreactors with volumes up to 400 L. This trend has been witnessed for both the development and commercial manufacture of therapeutic proteins, secondary metabolite-based pharmaceuticals and cosmetic compounds. Prominent examples of commercial products are Protalix’s ELELYSO and Mibelle Biochemistry’s Phyto Cell Tech-derived bioactive compounds.
This chapter discusses the current state of disposable bioreactor technology for plant cell cultures. After a brief introduction to the general fundamentals of disposable bioreactors (relevant technical terms, advantages and limitations of disposable bioreactors) a current overview of disposable plant cell bioreactors and their instrumentation will be provided. We will describe the working principles and engineering characteristics of disposable bioreactor types that are scalable and successfully being used for the cultivation of plant cell suspension and hairy root cultures. In addition, we will provide selected application examples focusing on the cultivation of geraniol producing tobacco cells. The chapter will end with perspective on future developments of disposable bioreactor technology for plant cell cultures.
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Abbreviations
- 1 to 3D:
-
1 to 3-dimensional
- BY-2:
-
Bright Yellow-2
- CFD:
-
Computational fluid dynamics
- CHO:
-
Chinese hamster ovary
- DCO2 :
-
Dissolved carbon dioxide
- DO:
-
Dissolved oxygen
- EVA:
-
Ethylene vinyl acetate
- fw:
-
Fresh weight
- Glc:
-
Glucose
- GMP:
-
Good manufacturing practice
- hCTLA4Ig:
-
Recombinant cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 immunoglobulin
- kLa:
-
Oxygen mass transfer coefficient
- Lac:
-
Lactate
- LED:
-
Light emitting diode
- PC:
-
Polycarbonate
- PE:
-
Polyethylene
- PP:
-
Polypropylene
- PS:
-
Polystyrene
- PU:
-
Polyurethane
- P/V:
-
Specific power input
- pcv:
-
Packed cell volume
- PVC:
-
Polyvinylchloride
- rpm:
-
Rotations per minute
- SBB:
-
Slug bubble bioreactor
- TI:
-
Temporary immersion
- vvm:
-
Air volume per medium volume per minute
- WUB:
-
Wave and undertow bioreactor
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Acknowledgements
We would like to thank our academic co-operation partners for providing the tobacco BY-2 suspension cell line (Fraunhofer Institute IME, Aachen, Germany), the tobacco VoGES suspension culture (Fraunhofer Institute IME, Aachen, Germany) and the Coryllus avellana suspension cell line (University of Barcelona, Spain). Dr. Tuulikki Seppänen-Laakso is thanked for performing the geraniol analysis. Furthermore, we would like to acknowledge the technical assistance of Johanna Brändli, Nicole Imseng, Lidija Lisica, Airi Hyrkäs and Anna-Liisa Ruskeepää. Appreciation is also extended to Dr. Christian Löffelholz for providing the CFD results for the disposable stirred bioreactors and Sören Werner for proofreading of the manuscript. This research was partially funded by the European Union Seventh Framework ProgramSmartCell (Rational design of plant systems for sustainable generation of value-added industrial products, grant agreement no. 222716) and the EU COST Action FA1006 PlantEngine.
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Lehmann, N. et al. (2014). Disposable Bioreactors for Cultivation of Plant Cell Cultures. In: Paek, KY., Murthy, H., Zhong, JJ. (eds) Production of Biomass and Bioactive Compounds Using Bioreactor Technology. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9223-3_2
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