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Transgenic Approaches to Control Epidemic Spread of Diseases

  • Chapter
Mechanisms of Resistance to Plant Diseases

Summary

To feed the growing world population in the future yield and quality of crops need to be enhanced drastically. One way to increase yield is to minimize losses due pathogen infections. Traditional approaches to control epidemic spread of diseases are no longer sufficient and hence the development of pathogen resistance traits has become an important target in plant biotechnology. Using molecular techniques various natural disease resistance genes have been isolated during the last five years. However, their use in molecular breeding programs is limited since they code for resistance to one specific race of a pathogen only. To engineer broad spectrum resistance traits very different strategies are being pursued. The first concept for virus resistance implied the constitutive expression of viral coat protein genes in transgenic plants. Engineered resistance based on this concept is documented very well and the first product (virus resistant squash) is about to enter the market in the USA. In the mean time it has become clear that expression of other viral sequences as well can bring about resistance. Published strategies for the engineering of bacterium resistance are limited in number and as yet not successful. The most wide-spread approach for fungus resistance is the expression of genes encoding proteins inhibiting fungus growth. Many of these proteins appear to act synergistically both in vitro and in planta. First results of field trials with plants expressing antifungal proteins indicate that levels of resistance are high enough to be commercially interesting. In the last few years strategies for fungus resistance have been explored based on the induction by pathogens of cell death at the site of infection. One of the concepts being pursued successfully to engineer nematode resistance implies the production in transgenic plants of compounds that directly affect nematode development. An alternative strategy aims at disruption of nematode feeding structures in the plant.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Biology, University of Amsterdam, Kruislaan 318, 1098 SM, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

    Ben J. C. Cornelissen & André Schram

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  1. Ben J. C. Cornelissen
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  2. André Schram
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. RWTH, Aachen, Germany

    A. J. Slusarenko

  2. Society for General Microbiology, Reading, UK

    R. S. S. Fraser (Honorary Visiting Professor) (Honorary Visiting Professor)

  3. Utrecht University, The Netherlands

    L. C. van Loon

  4. University of Manchester, UK

    R. S. S. Fraser (Honorary Visiting Professor) (Honorary Visiting Professor)

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© 2000 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

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Cornelissen, B.J.C., Schram, A. (2000). Transgenic Approaches to Control Epidemic Spread of Diseases. In: Slusarenko, A.J., Fraser, R.S.S., van Loon, L.C. (eds) Mechanisms of Resistance to Plant Diseases. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3937-3_14

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3937-3_14

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4020-0399-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-011-3937-3

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