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4 Arbuscular Mycorrhiza: A Key Component of Sustainable Plant–Soil Ecosystems

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Fungal Associations

Part of the book series: The Mycota ((MYCOTA,volume 9))

Abstract

In sustainable agriculture arbuscular mycorrhizas play a key role in helping the plant not only to survive but to be productive under adversity. Mycorrhizal formation is an adaptive strategy which provides the plant with an increased ability for nutrient capture and cycling in soils with low nutrient availability and an increased tolerance to environmental stresses. The importance of maintaining mycorrhizal diversity and a functioning soil mycelium is vital to sustaining plant growth. Stimulation of natural mycorrhizal populations or augmentation through the use of mycorrhizal inoculants are important tools in sustainable ecosystem management. This review focuses on how AMF help plants withstand: (1) soil-borne pathogen attack, (2) aggressive agricultural weeds, (3) drought/salinity stress, (4) the presence of toxic pollutants and (5) desertification. The evidence shows that arbuscular mycorrhizas should be considered as an essential natural resource for ensuring sustainable growth and health of plants and fully deserve their title as ‘biological fertilizers’ and ‘bioprotectors’.

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Acknowledgements

We thank our numerous colleagues over a series of EU COST actions for their collaborations and sustainable partnerships that have contributed to our current knowledge of mycorrhizal ecology. One of us (J.M.B.) is also grateful for support from the Spanish National Research Programme (R&D + i)–European Union (Feder) CGL2009-08825/BOS and from the Andalucian (Spain) Government, PAIDI (R&D + i) Programme: P07-CVI-02952.

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  1. School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NJ, Kent, UK

    P. Jeffries

  2. Departamento de Microbiología del Suelo y Sistemas Simbióticos, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Prof. Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain

    J. M. Barea

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  1. P. Jeffries
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Correspondence to J. M. Barea .

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  1. Technical University of Munich, Alte Akademie 6, Freising, 85354, Bayern, Germany

    Bertold Hock

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Jeffries, P., Barea, J.M. (2012). 4 Arbuscular Mycorrhiza: A Key Component of Sustainable Plant–Soil Ecosystems. In: Hock, B. (eds) Fungal Associations. The Mycota, vol 9. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30826-0_4

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