Abstract
Thin structures were existing from the ancient time. From observations of the nature the people understood that thinner means lighter, but stiffness and stability problems arose. This was the starting point for the elaboration of theories analyzing these structures. At that time applications were limited to civil engineering. At present they are used in aerospace engineering as basic elements. Such structures are applied as a model of analysis in other branches too, e.g. mechanical engineering. With the necessity to substitute classical material by new (advanced) materials—instead of steel or concrete, now laminates, foams, nano-films, biological membranes, etc. are used. The new trends in applications demand improvements of the theoretical foundations of the plate and shell theories, since new effects (for example, transverse shear or surface effects) must be taken into account. This contribution is mainly an introduction to the CISM-Course SHELL-LIKE STRUCTURES: ADVANCED THEORIES AND APPLICATIONS. After some introduction to the history some examples concerning new applications are discussed. After that main directions in the theory of plates and shells are presented. Finally, various advanced theories are briefly introduced. Other advanced theories are presented in the following chapter.
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Notes
- 1.
\(^*\)January 29 (jul.)/February 8 (greg.) 1700 in Groningen, \(\dagger \)March 17, 1782 in Basel.
- 2.
\(^*\)April 15, 1707 in Basel, \(\dagger \)September 18, 1783 in St. Petersburg.
- 3.
This was analyzed by Clifford Abmbrose Truesdell III (\(^*\)February 18, 1919, \(\dagger \)January 14, 2000) in Truesdell 1964.
- 4.
\(^*\)November 30, 1756 in Wittenberg, \(\dagger \)April 3, 1827 Breslau.
- 5.
\(^*\)April 1, 1776 in Paris, \(\dagger \)June 27, 1831 in Paris.
- 6.
\(^*\)January 25, 1736 in Turin as Giuseppe Lodovico Lagrangia or Giuseppe Luigi Lagrangia, \(\dagger \)April 10, 1813 in Paris.
- 7.
\(^*\)February 10, 1785 in Dijon, \(\dagger \)August 21, 1836 in Paris.
- 8.
\(^*\)June 21, 1781, \(\dagger \)April 25, 1840.
- 9.
\(^*\)March 12, 1824 in Königsberg, East Prussia, \(\dagger \)October 17, 1887 in Berlin.
- 10.
\(^*\)November 12, 1842, Langford Grove, Maldon, \(\dagger \)June 30, 1919, Terlins Place near Witham.
- 11.
\(^*\)February 22, 1878, Sion, \(\dagger \) July 7, 1909, Göttingen.
- 12.
\(^*\)March 4, 1871, Polozk, \(\dagger \) July 12, 1945, Leningrad.
- 13.
\(^*\)October 1, 1845, Kempen (Kȩpno), \(\dagger \)August 29, 1913, Charlottenburg.
- 14.
\(^*\)April 17, 1863, Weston-super-Mare, \(\dagger \)June 5, 1940, Oxford.
- 15.
\(^*\)December 22, 1878, Shpotivka, Russia, \(\dagger \)May 29, 1972, Wuppertal.
- 16.
\(^*\)Mai 11, 1881, Budapest, Austria-Hungary, \(\dagger \)May 6, 1963, Aachen.
- 17.
\(^*\)May 20, 1895, Kent’s Hill, Maine, \(\dagger \)November 7, 1997, Palo Alto, Texas.
- 18.
\(^*\)July 22, 1900, Orenburg, Russia, \(\dagger \)January 23, 1981, Kazan, Soviet Union.
- 19.
\(^*\)July 19, 1901, Mogilev, Russia, \(\dagger \)February 12, 1980, Leningrad.
- 20.
\(^*\)February 24, 1906, Kareevo, Russia, \(\dagger \)August 7, 1958, Moscow.
- 21.
\(^*\)January 12, 1911, Moscow, \(\dagger \)January 12, 2003, Moscow.
- 22.
\(^*\)January 5, 1913, Aachen, \(\dagger \)November 1, 1996, La Jolla, California.
- 23.
\(^*\)September 17, 1906, New York, \(\dagger \)November 12, 1987, Hanover, New Hampshire.
- 24.
\(^*\)April 23, 1907, Sheshelety, \(\dagger \)December 2, 1977, Tbilisi.
- 25.
\(^*\)May 18, 1910, Lublin, \(\dagger \)June 14, 1987, Leningrad.
- 26.
\(^*\)June 16, 1914, Amsterdam, \(\dagger \)September 2, 1997, Delft.
- 27.
\(^*\)March 17, 1922, Gumry.
- 28.
\(^*\)March 24, 1924, Teheran, \(\dagger \)July 9, 1994, Berkeley, California.
- 29.
\(^*\)November 17, 1927, Manhattan, New York, \(\dagger \)September 30, 1997, Tuscon, Arizona.
- 30.
\(^*\)August 19, 1913, Volos, Greece, \(\dagger \)April 2, 2004, Stuttgart, Germany.
- 31.
\(^*\)February 8, 1942, Velikiy Ustyug (Vologda region), Soviet Union, \(\dagger \)December 4, 2005, St. Petersburg, Russia.
- 32.
\(^*\)August 12, 1945, Warangal, Andhra Pradesh.
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Altenbach, H., Eremeyev, V. (2017). Thin-Walled Structural Elements: Classification, Classical and Advanced Theories, New Applications. In: Altenbach, H., Eremeyev, V. (eds) Shell-like Structures. CISM International Centre for Mechanical Sciences, vol 572. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42277-0_1
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