Genomic Designing for Breeding Biotic Stress Resistant Pepper Crop

Islam, Khushbu; Kumar, Nitin; Yadava, Satish K.; Momo, John; Ramchiary, Nirala

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-97785-6_3

Khushbu Islam²,
Nitin Kumar^2,3,
Satish K. Yadava⁴,
John Momo² &
…
Nirala Ramchiary²

409 Accesses
5 Citations
1 Altmetric

Abstract

Pepper is one of the most important spice crops in the world today with an enormous economic value. The pepper fruits are rich in pharmaceutically important compounds such as carotenoids and capsaicinoids. Over the years, crops of pepper have suffered significant losses in terms of yield and quality due to a myriad of pathogen infections including fungi, viruses and bacteria. More often, broad host ranges, novel pathogen strains and simultaneous infections due to multiple pathogens lead to resistance breakdown of host plants. An increased virulence of pathogens also results in exacerbated disease symptoms and yield losses. Coevolution of pathogens and crops allows them to harden each other’s defense responses, however the whole process remains skewed in favor of the pathogens. Genomic designing of Capsicum genotypes which are more resilient to the imminent threats of rapid climatic changes and biotic stresses is now the major focus of current research. Hence, it becomes critical to understand the pathogens and their pathogenic properties in details to incorporate this knowledge into future breeding programs on disease resistance. Traditional breeding programs have met with little success due to the polygenic control of resistance, wide variability in the pathogen range along with complex pathogenicity mechanisms. Marker-assisted selection allows indirect selection of desired resistance alleles in the early stages of life cycle of the plant. The development of resistant commercial pepper varieties and host plant resistance are the permanent, effective and eco-friendly substitutes to the chemical and physical control methods and cultural practices for management of various biotic stresses. The multiplicity of abiotic and biotic stresses are the warning signs to initiate serious and concerted efforts towards making the crops more resilient and resistant to these stresses and to achieve desired crop breeding goals. Present chapter assembles the recommendations, details of the resistance sources, genes, QTLs and other resources available to diminish the effects of different biotic stresses towards genetic improvement of Capsicum species with modern, time critical and scalable scientific methods.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by funding from University Grants Commission and Department of Science and Technology, India, to the School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India.

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School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
Khushbu Islam, Nitin Kumar, John Momo & Nirala Ramchiary
Department of Bioengineering and Technology, Institute of Science and Technology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, 781014, India
Nitin Kumar
Centre for Genetic Manipulation of Crop Plants, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi, 110021, India
Satish K. Yadava

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Khushbu Islam
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Nitin Kumar
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Satish K. Yadava
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John Momo
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Correspondence to Nirala Ramchiary .

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ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Raja Ramanna Fellow, Department of Atomic Energy, Government of India, New Delhi, India
Chittaranjan Kole

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Islam, K., Kumar, N., Yadava, S.K., Momo, J., Ramchiary, N. (2022). Genomic Designing for Breeding Biotic Stress Resistant Pepper Crop. In: Kole, C. (eds) Genomic Designing for Biotic Stress Resistant Vegetable Crops. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97785-6_3

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97785-6_3
Published: 03 July 2022
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