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Dimorphic Prosthecate Bacteria: The Genera Caulobacter, Asticcacaulis, Hyphomicrobium, Pedomicrobium, Hyphomonas and Thiodendron

  • Reference work entry
The Prokaryotes

Rationale for Clustering Caulobacter, Asticcacaulis, Hyphomicrobium, Pedomicrobium, Hyphomonas and Thiodendron

The genera treated together here comprise the dimorphic prosthecate bacteria (DPB), in which reproduction regularly results in the separation of two cells that are morphologically and behaviorally different from each other (Fig. 1). One sibling is nonmotile and prosthecate, possessing at least one elongated, cylindrical appendage that is an outgrowth of the cell surface, including the outer membrane, the peptidoglycan layer, and the cell membrane, and that may also include cytoplasmic elements such as ribosomes; such an appendage is a prostheca (Staley, 1968). In natural populations, this prosthecate cell is usually also sessile by virtue of adhesive material associated with a cell pole or with the prostheca. The other sibling is flagellated, bearing (typically) one polar or subpolar flagellum, by means of which it is actively motile. This mode of reproduction is unique as a...

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Notes

  1. 1.

    *Thiodendron isolates have not been reported. The organism is known only from natural samples in which it has been interpreted as a sulfur-oxidizing prosthecate bacterium, probably with a motile stage. The absence of information regarding properties of monotypic populations does not justify a discussion beyond the excellent summary by Schmidt (1981).

  2. 2.

    *Podzol: a type of relatively infertile soil found typically in forests and consisting of a thin, ash-colored layer overlying a brown, acidic humus, the organic part of soil, resulting from the partial decay of leaves and other vegetable matter.

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Authors
  1. Jeanne S. Poindexter
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology, University of Minnesota, Box 196, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0312, USA

    Martin Dworkin Professor Dr. (Editor-in-Chief) (Editor-in-Chief)

  2. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University Medical School, 299 Campus Drive, Fairchild, D039, Stanford, CA, 94305-5124, USA

    Stanley Falkow

  3. Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, 69978, Israel

    Eugene Rosenberg

  4. Department of Microbiology, Technical University Munich, 80290, Munich, Germany

    Karl-Heinz Schleifer

  5. DSMZ- German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures GmbH, Mascheroder Weg 1b, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany

    Erko Stackebrandt

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Poindexter, J.S. (2006). Dimorphic Prosthecate Bacteria: The Genera Caulobacter, Asticcacaulis, Hyphomicrobium, Pedomicrobium, Hyphomonas and Thiodendron . In: Dworkin, M., Falkow, S., Rosenberg, E., Schleifer, KH., Stackebrandt, E. (eds) The Prokaryotes. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-30745-1_4

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