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Nanofiber Scaffold-Based Tissue Engineering for the Treatment of Acute Liver Failure

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Abstract

Acute liver failure (ALF) has a mortality rate of more than 40%. Currently, orthotopic liver transplantation is the sole clinical treatment for ALF, but its wide usage is severely limited due to donor shortage and immunological rejection. An emerging and promising technology for ALF treatment is liver tissue engineering (LTE), wherein porous scaffolds serve as a crucial component. Nanofiber scaffolds, which mimic the inherent structures of fibrous extracellular matrix well, provide an ideal environment for cell growth and tissue regeneration. Recently, several functional nanofiber scaffolds for LTE have been developed, which show impressive results in regulating cell function and repairing liver injury when combined with appropriate seeding cells and/or growth factors. This review firstly introduces the etiologies and treatment indicators of ALF. Subsequently, typical fabrication technologies of nanofiber scaffolds and their related applications for function regulation of liver-related cells and treatment of ALF are comprehensively summarized. Particular emphasis is placed on the strategies involving an appropriate combination of suitable seeding cells and growth factors. Finally, the current challenges and the future research and development prospects of nanofiber scaffold-based LTE are discussed. This review will serve as a valuable reference for designing and modifying novel nanofiber scaffolds, further promoting their potential application in LTE and other biomedical fields.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31971263, 52173031, 52273125), the International Cooperation Fund of the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (22520711900), the Basic Research Project of the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (21JC1400100) and the Oriental Talent Plan (Leading Talent Program, No. 152). We also gratefully acknowledge the linguistic assistance from Prof. Xingui Li at Tongji University while preparing this article.

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  1. Xiaojiao Liu and Xiang Yao contributed equally to this article.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People’s Republic of China

    Xiaojiao Liu, Xiang Yao, Qinjun OuYang & Yaopeng Zhang

  2. The Second Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, People’s Republic of China

    Li Yan

  3. Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina (CBQF), Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 4169-005, Porto, Portugal

    Ana L. Oliveira

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  1. Xiaojiao Liu
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Prof. Yaopeng Zhang and Prof. Ana L. Oliveira are the editorial board members for [Advanced Fiber Materials] and were not involved in the editorial review or the decision to publish this article. All authors declare that there are no competing interests.

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Liu, X., Yao, X., OuYang, Q. et al. Nanofiber Scaffold-Based Tissue Engineering for the Treatment of Acute Liver Failure. Adv. Fiber Mater. 6, 686–712 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42765-024-00395-8

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