Abstract
Salt stress is one of the significant abiotic constraints for wheat production globally. Crop improvement by exploiting wheat germplasm resources for salt tolerance is a very crucial mitigation strategy. In this study, pre-breeding resources of 284 wheat lines were screened for salt tolerance based on multivariate analysis. It was conducted in the control and naturally salt-affected conditions for 2 successive years (2018–2019 and 2019–2020). The selected evaluated traits were germination percentage (GP), tiller number (TN), days to flowering (DTF), days to maturity (DTM), grain filling duration (GFD), plant height (PH), spike length (SL), spikelet per spike (SPS), spike weight (SW) and grain yield (GY). The screening was based on the salt tolerance index (STI), salt susceptibility index (SSI), hierarchical cluster analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), and PCA-based ranking of the salt-tolerant cluster.These wheat lines were categorized into four categories; salt-tolerant (46 lines), moderately salt-tolerant (99), moderately salt-sensitive (100), and salt-sensitive (39). Wheat lines with high yield performance along with other important traits under optimum and stressed conditions maintained high values of each attribute. SW, SL, TN, PH, and GP have a high impact on GY based on the PCA results. The specific ranking of the salt-tolerant cluster lines signifies the potential of a single tolerant line has been established. LTP lines 187, 211, 161, 220, 211, 210, and 73 identified tolerant wheat lines are recommended for wheat improvement. The favorable adaptive traits will be instrumental in the wheat breeding program for salinity tolerance.
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Abbreviations
- GP:
-
Germination percentage
- TN:
-
Tiller number
- DTF:
-
Days to flowering
- DTM:
-
Days to maturity
- GFD:
-
Grain filling duration
- PH:
-
Plant height
- SL:
-
Spike length
- SPS:
-
Spikelet per spike
- SW:
-
Spike weight
- GY:
-
Grain yield
- STI:
-
Salt tolerance index
- SSI:
-
Salt susceptibility index
- PCA:
-
Principal component analysis
- PBG:
-
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics
- PAU:
-
Punjab Agricultural University
- LTP:
-
Linked Top cross population
- EC:
-
Electrical conductivity
- Ys:
-
Mean of trait under stressed condition
- Yp:
-
Mean of trait under non stressed condition
- SI:
-
Stress intensity
- Ŷs:
-
Mean of all wheat lines under stress condition
- Ŷp:
-
Mean of all wheat lines under non stress condition
- ANOVA:
-
Analysis of variance
- PCs:
-
Principal components
- Tmax:
-
Maximum temperature
- Tmin:
-
Minimum temperature
- RHmax:
-
Maximum relative humidity
- RHmin:
-
Minimum relative humidity
- ST:
-
Salt tolerant
- MST:
-
Moderately salt tolerant
- MSS:
-
Moderately salt sensitive
- SS:
-
Salt sensitive
- DF:
-
Degree of freedom
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The research work was supported by the Council of scientific and industrial research (CSIR) New Delhi, India
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The primary draft of the paper was designed by Anuj choudhary, Achla sharma, Antul kumar, Nirmaljit kaur and Harmanjot kaur help in the establishment of script. Nirmaljit Kaur and Antul Kumar reviewed the content and well approved by Harmanjot Kaur, Antul Kumar, and Achla Sharma. Antul Kumar and Nirmaljit Kaur examined the final draft and actively engaged in prepared the table and figure and section. The statistical tools applied by Anuj Choudhary, on data and well supported by Nirmaljit Kaur, Harmanjot Kaur, Antul Kumar. Additionally Antul Kumar, Nirmaljit Kaur and Harmanjot Kaur examined the manuscript at each phase of manuscript writing and offered crucial advice. All authors carefully observed the content and approved the submitted version of the paper.
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Choudhary, A., Kaur, N., Sharma, A. et al. Screening and Assessment of Triticum aestivum Germplasm for Salt Tolerance in Naturally affected Conditions. J Soil Sci Plant Nutr (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-024-01676-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-024-01676-2