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Increased Interleukins: Effect of Risperidone in Individuals with Schizophrenia—a Systematic Review

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Abstract

Atypical antipsychotic drugs such risperidone are selected for the first-line treatment of individuals with schizophrenia. In this sense, it has been observed that when risperidone is used frequently, it can induce changes in metabolism, which could alter pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the role of risperidone in interleukin levels of individuals with schizophrenia. The systematic search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, and EBSCO databases up to March 2023. Interleukin levels were evaluated in individuals with schizophrenia before and after treatment with risperidone and also compared with control groups. The most common interleukins analyzed before and after treatment with risperidone were IL-6, IL-17A, IL-10, IL-4, IL-2, IL-1B, and IL-8. With regard to case-control studies, we observed that the main interleukins evaluated were IL-2, IL-6, IL-1B, IL-12, IL-10, IL-4, and IL-8. Evidence indicates that individuals with schizophrenia who undergo a regular treatment with risperidone could trigger the release and circulation of pro-inflammatory interleukins and therefore, their concentration in plasma or serum increases. More studies are needed to evaluate more variables.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico

    Miguel Angel Ramos-Méndez, Isela Esther Juárez-Rojop & Rosa Giannina Castillo-Avila

  2. División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Comalcalco, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Comalcalco, Tabasco, Mexico

    Carlos Alfonso Tovilla-Zárate

  3. Hospital Chiapas Nos Une Dr. Gilberto Gómez Maza, Secretaría de Salud de Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico

    María Lilia López-Narváez

  4. Laboratorio de Genómica de Enfermedades Psiquiátricas y Neurodegenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico

    Alma Delia Genis-Mendoza & José Jaime Martínez-Magaña

  5. División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Jalpa de Méndez, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Carretera Estatal Libre Villahermosa-Comalcalco km 27 S/N, Ranchería, C.P. 86205, Jalpa de Méndez, Tabasco, Mexico

    Thelma Beatriz González-Castro, Yazmin Hernández-Díaz & Rosa Felicita Ortiz Ojeda

  6. Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico

    Guillermo Efrén Villar-Juárez

  7. Campus Norte, Universidad Anáhuac México, Naucalpan, Mexico

    Marcela Bellizzia-Rodríguez

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  1. Miguel Angel Ramos-Méndez
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Contributions

MARM, CATZ, IEJR, MLLN, and TBGC designed the study and wrote the protocol; MARM, CATZ, IEJR, MLLN, ADGM, TBGC, JJMM, GEVJ, MBR, and RGCA managed the literature searches and analyses; YHD, CATZ, ADGM, TBGC, and JJMM undertook the statistical analysis, and MARM, CATZ, IEJR, MLLN, TBGC, GEVJ, MBR, RGCA, and RFOO wrote the first draft of the manuscript. All authors contributed to and have approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Thelma Beatriz González-Castro.

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Ramos-Méndez, M.A., Tovilla-Zárate, C.A., Juárez-Rojop, I.E. et al. Increased Interleukins: Effect of Risperidone in Individuals with Schizophrenia—a Systematic Review. SN Compr. Clin. Med. 5, 142 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42399-023-01479-z

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