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Effects of IL-6/IL-6R axis alterations in serum, plasma and cerebrospinal fluid with the schizophrenia: an updated review and meta-analysis of 58 studies

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Abstract

Studies investigating the association between IL-6/IL-6R axis and schizophrenia (SZ) susceptibility found inconsistent data. To reconcile the results, a systematic review followed by a meta-analysis was performed to assess the associations. This study followed the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. A comprehensive search of the literature was carried out in July 2022 using electronic databases PubMed, EBSCO, Science Direct, PsychInfo, and Scopus. Study quality was assessed by the Newcastle–Ottawa scale. Pooled standard mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated by fixed-effect or random-effect model analysis. Fifty-eight studies were identified, including 4,200 SZ patients and 4,531 controls. Our meta-analysis results showed an increase of IL-6 levels in plasma, serum, or CSF and decreased IL-6R levels in serum in patients under treatment. Further studies are needed to better elucidate the correlation between the IL-6/IL-6R axis and the schizophrenia.

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  1. División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Jalpa de Méndez, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Jalpa de Méndez, Tabasco, México

    Thelma Beatriz González-Castro, Yazmín Hernández-Díaz & Rosa Felicita Ortiz-Ojeda

  2. División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Comalcalco, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Comalcalco, Tabasco, México

    Carlos Alfonso Tovilla-Zárate

  3. División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México

    Isela Esther Juárez-Rojop

  4. Hospital Chiapas “Dr. Jesús Gilberto Gómez Maza”, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, México

    María Lilia López-Narváez

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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by TBGC, YHD, CATZ, and MLLN. The first draft of the manuscript was written by IEJR, RFOO, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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González-Castro, T.B., Tovilla-Zárate, C.A., Juárez-Rojop, I.E. et al. Effects of IL-6/IL-6R axis alterations in serum, plasma and cerebrospinal fluid with the schizophrenia: an updated review and meta-analysis of 58 studies. Mol Cell Biochem 479, 525–537 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-023-04747-7

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