Abstract
The detection of allergenic proteins and the influence of processing on the structure and antigenicity of these proteins are relevant topics. Using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits, this study aimed to evaluate the degradation profiles of milk, egg and soy proteins during the processing of semisweet biscuits. The formulations were baked under different conditions according to a complete factorial experiment that included a three-level temperature factor and a six-level time factor. β-lactoglobulin and egg white proteins were severely degraded, the degradation of casein was intermediate, and soy proteins were the most stable. Complete allergen protein degradation was found under only the extreme baking conditions, which resulted in products that were not sensorily acceptable. Residual levels of the proteins were detected after baking, indicating that this thermal processing reduced but did not eliminate the antigenicity of these proteins; thus, baking cannot be considered a strategy to protect allergic consumers.
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Funding
The authors are grateful to the Ezequiel Dias Foundation (FUNED), the Postgraduate Program in Food Science (PPGCA/ALM) of the Faculty of Pharmacy (FAFAR) at the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG) and the agencies CNPQ and CAPES.
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ALSS: validation, formal analysis, investigation, data curation, writing original draft. PPBS: formal analysis, investigation. GA: investigation. ES: investigation. COS: supervision, resources. SVCS: conceptualization, resources, project administration, review and editing the work.
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dos Santos, A.L.S., dos Santos, P.P.B., de Almeida Amaral, G. et al. Effect of thermal processing on the antigenicity of allergenic milk, egg and soy proteins. J Food Sci Technol 59, 2617–2628 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-021-05281-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-021-05281-4