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Legume Tree Dominance in Central Amazonian Floodplain Forests

  • Wetland Biodiversity
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Abstract

Studying the patterns of dominance and species composition of legumes can contribute to more precise models for nutrient cycling, especially the N-cycle. Leguminosae is the most important family in Central Amazonian floodplain forests surrounding large rivers. The floodplains are classified as nutrient-poor (igapó) and nutrient-rich (várzea) ecosystems. In this study, we contrast patterns of dominance and composition of legume tree species between both floodplain ecosystems based on floristic data from 22 plots. We observed significant differences in species dominance and the absolute and relative density of individuals, which were significantly higher in igapó than in várzea. A significant floristic difference between várzea and igapó was found. Higher legume species dominance and absolute and relative legume tree density suggest that legumes are more prominent in igapó. Low nutrition contents in igapó water and alluvial substrates possibly act as an environmental filter favoring the dominance of well-adapted legume tree species, which markedly contributes to the difference in floristic composition between both ecosystems.

Resumo

Estudar os padrões de dominância e composição de espécies de leguminosas pode contribuir para modelos mais precisos de ciclagem de nutrientes, especialmente o ciclo do Nitrogênio. Leguminosae é a família mais importante nas florestas inundadas da Amazônia Central. As florestas inundadas amazônicas são classificadas em ecossistemas pobres em nutrientes (igapó) e ricos em nutrientes (várzea). Neste estudo, contrastamos padrões de dominância e composição de espécies arbóreas de leguminosas entre os dois ecossistemas de florestas inundadas amazônicas com base em dados florísticos de 22 parcelas. Observamos diferenças significativas na dominância de espécies e na densidade absoluta e relativa de indivíduos, que foram significativamente maiores no igapó do que na várzea. Também encontramos uma diferença florística significativa entre várzea e igapó. A maior dominância de espécies de leguminosas e a densidade absoluta e relativa de árvores de leguminosas sugerem que as leguminosas são mais proeminentes em igapó. Os baixos teores nutricionais da água do igapó e dos substratos aluviais possivelmente atuam como um filtro ambiental favorecendo a dominância de espécies arbóreas de leguminosas que são bem adaptadas, o que contribui marcadamente para a diferença na composição florística entre os dois ecossistemas.

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Availability of Data and Material

The original datasets are held by the research group Ecology, Monitoring and Sustainable Use of Wetlands (MAUA), these data include floristic inventories and flood levels. The original datasets and other information are available from the authors on reasonable request.

Code Availability

The R code used in the analyses can be made available by the main author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by research group Ecology, Monitoring and Sustainable Use of Wetlands (MAUA), the Brazilian Council of Science and Technology (CNPq) and Amazonas State Research Support Foundation (FAPEAM) through PELD-MAUA (CNPq/FAPEAM) 403792/2012-6 (Fase I) and 441590/2016-0 (Fase II). Yuri Oliveira Feitosa is supported by a doctoral scholarship from the resolution FAPEAM N. 018/2015—POSGRAD 2015 – INPA. Angélica Faria de Resende thanks CNPQ and FAPESP (#2019/24049-5) for financial support. Special thanks to Layon Oreste Demarchi, Celso Rabelo Costa, Valdeney de Araújo Azevedo, Mário Luis Picanço Marinho and all the field assistants who contributed to the present study.

Funding

This research was supported by the Brazilian Council of Science and Technology (CNPq) and Amazonas State Research Support Foundation (FAPEAM) through PELD-MAUA (CNPq/FAPEAM) 403792/2012–6 (Phase I) and 441590/2016–0 (Phase II). Yuri Oliveira Feitosa is supported by a doctoral scholarship from the resolution FAPEAM N. 018/2015—POSGRAD 2015 – INPA.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Botany Department, National Institute for Amazon Research (INPA), Av. André Araújo, 2.936, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM, 69067-375, Brazil

    Yuri Oliveira Feitosa, Maria Teresa Fernandez Piedade, Florian Wittmann, Adriano Costa Quaresma, Angélica Faria de Resende & Jochen Schöngart

  2. Superior Studies Center of São Bento, University State of Maranhão, State Highway MA 014, Airport district, São Bento, MA, Brazil

    Yuri Oliveira Feitosa

  3. Department of Floodplain Ecology, Institute of Geography and Geoecology, Karlsruhe Institute for Technology (KIT), Josefstraße 1, 76437, Rastatt, Baden-Württemberg, Germany

    Florian Wittmann

  4. Department of Forest Resources, University of São Paulo, Campus “Luiz de Queiroz” Av. Pádua Dias, 11, SP, Piracicaba, Brazil

    Angélica Faria de Resende

  5. Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, 0562, Norway

    Rafael Leandro de Assis

Authors
  1. Yuri Oliveira Feitosa
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  2. Maria Teresa Fernandez Piedade
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  3. Florian Wittmann
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  4. Adriano Costa Quaresma
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  5. Angélica Faria de Resende
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  6. Rafael Leandro de Assis
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  7. Jochen Schöngart
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Contributions

YOF performed the statistical analysis and produced the original manuscript draft. JS, FW and MTFP collated the floristic and hydrologic data and contributed to study design, writing, editing and interpretation. ACQ, AFR and RLA assisted in fieldwork, writing review and editing. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yuri Oliveira Feitosa.

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Oliveira Feitosa, Y., Teresa Fernandez Piedade, M., Wittmann, F. et al. Legume Tree Dominance in Central Amazonian Floodplain Forests. Wetlands 42, 44 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-022-01564-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-022-01564-4

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