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Functional photonic structures for external interaction with flexible/wearable devices

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Abstract

In addition to vital functions, more subsidiary functions are being expected from wearable devices. The wearable technology thus far has achieved the ability to maintain homeostasis by continuously monitoring physiological signals. The quality of life improves if, through further developments of wearable devices to detect, announce, and even control unperceptive or noxious signals from the environment. Soft materials based on photonic engineering can fulfil the abovementioned functions. Due to the flexibility and zero-power operation of such materials, they can be applied to conventional wearables without affecting existing functions. The achievements to freely tailoring a broad range of electromagnetic waves have encouraged the development of wearable systems for independent recognition/manipulation of light, pollution, chemicals, viruses and heat. Herein, the role that photonic engineering on a flexible platform plays in detecting or reacting to environmental changes is reviewed in terms of material selection, structural design, and regulation mechanisms from the ultraviolet to infrared spectral regions. Moreover, issues emerging with the evolution of the wearable technology, such as Joule heating, battery durability, and user privacy, and the potential solution strategies are discussed. This article provides a systematic review of current progress in wearable devices based on photonic structures as well as an overview of possible ubiquitous advances and their applications, providing diachronic perspectives and future outlook on the rapidly growing research field of wearable technology.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (Nos. NRF-2020R1A2C2004983, NRF2018M3D1A1058997, and NRF-2018R1A4A1025623). This work was also supported by the GIST Research Institute (GRI) grant funded by the GIST in 2020 and the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) and by the Ministry of Trade, Industry, and Energy (MOTIE) of the Republic of Korea (No. 20183010014310). This work was partly supported by Institute of Information & communications Technology Planning & Evaluation (IITP) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (No. 2020-0-01000, Light field and LiDAR sensor fusion systems for full self-driving).

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Author notes

  1. Young Jin Yoo, Se-Yeon Heo, and Yeong Jae Kim contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Bukgu, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea

    Young Jin Yoo, Se-Yeon Heo, Joo Hwan Ko, Zafrin Ferdous Mira & Young Min Song

  2. Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering & Technology, Ceramics Test-Bed Center, 3321 Gyeongchung-daero, Sindun-myeon, Icheon-si Gyeonggi-do, 17303, Republic of Korea

    Yeong Jae Kim

  3. Anti-Viral Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Bukgu, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea

    Young Min Song

  4. AI Graduate School, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Bukgu, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea

    Young Min Song

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Correspondence to Young Min Song.

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Yoo, Y.J., Heo, SY., Kim, Y.J. et al. Functional photonic structures for external interaction with flexible/wearable devices. Nano Res. 14, 2904–2918 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-021-3388-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-021-3388-x

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