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Improvement of Lipid and Terpenoid Yield in Thraustochytrids Using Chemical Regulators: A Review

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Abstract

For the increasing demand for lipids and terpenoids in humans, biological fermentation has become an attractive choice due to the safety and sustainability. Thraustochytrids have been identified as promising producers of polyunsaturated fatty acids because of their high lipid content and simple fatty acid composition. In addition, thraustochytrids are also potential producers of terpenoids for their completed mevalonate pathway. Chemical regulators can be used to stimulate or inhibit metabolic pathways, which are equivalent to effects of overexpression and suppression approaches. The application of chemical regulators is potentially an easy and practical approach to improve the lipid and terpenoid yield in thraustochytrids, which has become a research focus. In this review, the mechanisms of chemical regulators promoting lipid and terpenoid biosynthesis in thraustochytrids are elucidated. Various chemical regulators which can directly enhance the biosynthesis of lipids and terpenoids are summarized depending on the type of chemicals. In addition, some chemical regulators are demonstrated to indirectly improve lipid and terpenoid yield by reducing the conversion of metabolites and reducing oxidative stress. Therefore, the addition of chemical regulators can be a useful alternative strategy for improving lipid and terpenoid accumulation in large-scale cultivation of thraustochytrids.

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 22038007) and the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No. BK20200732).

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  1. School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China

    Zi-Lei Chen, Lin-Hui Yang, Ling-Ling Tong, Yue Wang, Meng-Zhen Liu & Dong-Sheng Guo

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  1. Zi-Lei Chen
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  2. Lin-Hui Yang
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  3. Ling-Ling Tong
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Contributions

Zi-Lei Chen: Writing - original draft (lead); writing - review and editing (equal); investigation (equal); supervision (equal). Lin-Hui Yang: Writing - review and editing (equal); investigation (equal); supervision (equal). Ling-Ling Tong: Investigation (equal); supervision (equal). Yue Wang: Investigation (equal); supervision (equal). Meng-Zhen Liu: Investigation (equal); supervision (equal). Dong-Sheng Guo: Conceptualization (lead); resources (lead); supervision (lead); writing - review and editing (lead).

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Correspondence to Dong-Sheng Guo.

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Chen, ZL., Yang, LH., Tong, LL. et al. Improvement of Lipid and Terpenoid Yield in Thraustochytrids Using Chemical Regulators: A Review. Biotechnol Bioproc E 28, 720–733 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12257-023-0086-4

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