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Detection efficacy of PET/CT with 18F-FSU-880 in patients with suspected recurrent prostate cancer: a prospective single-center study

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A Correction to this article was published on 17 March 2022

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Abstract

Purpose

Our objective was to investigate the efficacy of PET/CT with a novel prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted PET probe, 18F-FSU-880, for detection and localization of recurrent disease in prostate cancer patients in whom recurrence was suspected based on an increase in plasma prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels after initial treatment.

Methods

This study was a prospective institutional review board-approved study of 72 patients (age 56–84 years, PSA level 0.22–40.00 ng/ml) with suspected relapse of prostate cancer after primary therapy, including radical prostatectomy (RP) (n = 35) or radiation therapy (RT) (n = 37). Patients underwent PET/CT approximately 1 h and 3 h after injection of 18F-FSU-880 (101.8–380 MBq). The correlation between patient-based detection rate and Gleason score (GS) of the primary tumor and plasma PSA levels at the time of PET/CT was evaluated. Maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax) of the positive uptakes at 1 h post-injection were compared with those at 3 h post-injection.

Results

In total, 51 patients (71%) showed at least one positive PSMA PET result. The PSA-stratified detection rates were 22% (2/9), 36% (4/11), 89% (16/18) and 85% (29/34) for PSA levels of 0.2 to < 0.5, 0.5 to < 1.0, 1.0 to < 2.0 and ≥ 2.0 ng/ml, respectively. The GS-stratified detection rates were 33% (2/6), 67% (16/24), 70% (16/23) and 89% (17/19) for GS 6, 7, 8 and 9, respectively. In lesion-based analysis, 157 positive lesions were detected at 3 h post-injection, 18 in the prostate or prostate bed, 65 in lymph nodes, 71 in the bone and 3 in the lung. Two local recurrences, eight pelvic lymph nodes and one distant lymph node were depicted only at 3 h post-injection. SUV max at 3 h post-injection was significantly higher than SUVmax at 1 h post-injection (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Our preliminary data suggest that 18F-FSU-880 might be a promising new PSMA-targeting tracer for detecting recurrence after initial treatment in patients with prostate cancer.

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Funding

This clinical research was funded by a public research grant from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (Research for Practical Application of Innovative Cancer Medicine) and was not funded by any specific company. All authors declare having no conflict of interest relevant to this article.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoinkawahara-cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan

    Tomoaki Otani, Tsuneo Saga, Takayoshi Ishimori, Eitaro Kidera, Yoichi Shimizu & Yuji Nakamoto

  2. Department of Radiology, Tazuke Kofukai Medical Research Institute, Kitano Hospital, Osaka, Japan

    Takayoshi Ishimori

  3. Department of Radiation Oncology Image-Applied Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

    Rihito Aizawa, Kiyonao Nakamura & Takashi Mizowaki

  4. Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

    Takayuki Goto & Shusuke Akamatsu

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  1. Tomoaki Otani
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Correspondence to Yuji Nakamoto.

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Otani, T., Saga, T., Ishimori, T. et al. Detection efficacy of PET/CT with 18F-FSU-880 in patients with suspected recurrent prostate cancer: a prospective single-center study. Ann Nucl Med 36, 302–309 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12149-021-01704-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12149-021-01704-6

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