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The Anti-inflammation Property of Olfactory Ensheathing Cells in Neural Regeneration After Spinal Cord Injury

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Abstract

Neural regeneration has troubled investigators worldwide in the past decades. Currently, cell transplantation emerged as a breakthrough targeted therapy for spinal cord injury (SCI) in the neurotrauma field, which provides a promising strategy in neural regeneration. Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs), a specialized type of glial cells, is considered as the excellent candidate due to its unique variable and intrinsic regeneration-supportive properties. In fact, OECs could support olfactory receptor neuron turnover and axonal extension, which is essential to maintain the function of olfactory nervous system. Hitherto, an increasing number of literatures demonstrate that transplantation of OECs exerts vital roles in neural regeneration and functional recovery after neural injury, including central and peripheral nervous system. It is common knowledge that the deteriorating microenvironment (ischemia, hypoxia, scar, acute and chronic inflammation, etc.) resulting from injured nervous system is adverse for neural regeneration. Interestingly, recent studies indicated that OECs could promote neural repair through improvement of the disastrous microenvironments, especially to the overwhelmed inflammatory responses. Although OECs possess unusual advantages over other cells for neural repair, particularly in SCI, the mechanisms of OEC-mediated neural repair are still controversial with regard to anti-inflammation. Therefore, it is significant to summarize the anti-inflammation property of OECs, which is helpful to understand the biological characteristics of OECs and drive future studies. Here, we mainly focus on the anti-inflammatory role of OECs to make systematic review and discuss OEC-based therapy for CNS injury.

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation Item of China (No. 82071551 and 81830077) and Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province (2020JM-686).

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  1. Chao Jiang and Xiaohui Wang contributed equally to the work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Spine Surgery, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710054, China

    Chao Jiang, Xiaohui Wang, Zhe Chen, Yongyuan Zhang & Dingjun Hao

  2. Translational Medicine Center, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710054, China

    Yizhen Jiang & Hao Yang

  3. Basic Medical School Academy, Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China

    Yizhen Jiang

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  1. Chao Jiang
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Contributions

HY conceived the review and supervised the project. CJ wrote the manuscript. CJ and YZJ contributed to literature review and editing. XHW contributed to literature review and drew the figures. ZC and YYZ contributed to the compiled table. DJH contributed to content and editing. All the authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version.

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Correspondence to Dingjun Hao or Hao Yang.

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Jiang, C., Wang, X., Jiang, Y. et al. The Anti-inflammation Property of Olfactory Ensheathing Cells in Neural Regeneration After Spinal Cord Injury. Mol Neurobiol 59, 6447–6459 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-022-02983-4

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