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Styrene and BPO poly (urea-melamine-formaldehyde) microcapsules prepared via in situ polymerization to promote the self-healing properties of epoxy composites

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Abstract

Styrene has the characteristics of low viscosity, low shrinkage, and excellent adhesion to a variety of polymer materials and is a good candidate for healing agents. In this work, styrene and benzoyl peroxide (BPO) are coated, respectively, by in situ polymerization using poly(urea-melamine-formaldehyde) as shell materials to prepare two microcapsules for self-healing materials. IR, SEM, TGA, and DTA characterize the morphology, structure, composition, and thermal properties of the microcapsules. The optimized reaction parameters of the BPO microcapsule are as follows: the combination ratio of emulsifier DBS and GA is 2:1 (0.2% + 0.1%). The pH value of in situ polymerization is 3, the stirring speed is 700 r/min, and the core-shell ratio is 1:1. The content of the two microcapsule cores can reach more than 80%. In addition, the fracture toughness and healing efficiency of the double-microcapsules epoxy self-healing composites containing 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, and 12.5 wt% of styrene and BPO microcapsules are measured using a tapered double cantilever beam (TDCB) specimen. The weight ratio of the two microcapsules in all self-healing epoxy composites was 1:1. The results show that the healing efficiency reached 37.3% when the content of the two microcapsules was 12.5 wt% at room temperature after 24 h healing. DTA results also indicate that this system has good potential for spontaneous self-healing performance at room temperature.

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Acknowledgments

The authors disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and publication of this article: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.21502166).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Center for International Research on Photoelectric and Energy Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People’s Republic of China

    Zhennan Li, Hui Chen, Qinming Xu, Xing Li & Qingmei Yuan

  2. Fuzhou Ocean and Fisheries Technology Center, Fuzhou, 350026, People’s Republic of China

    Hongmei Ma

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  1. Zhennan Li
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  2. Hui Chen
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Correspondence to Qingmei Yuan.

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Li, Z., Chen, H., Xu, Q. et al. Styrene and BPO poly (urea-melamine-formaldehyde) microcapsules prepared via in situ polymerization to promote the self-healing properties of epoxy composites. J Coat Technol Res 19, 1837–1850 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11998-022-00655-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11998-022-00655-5

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