Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

A smart bilayer film containing zein/gelatin/carvacrol and polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan/anthocyanin for Lateolabrax japonicus preservation and freshness monitoring

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Smart packaging systems with multiple functions have recently received great attentions. In this study, a bilayer film with antibacterial activity and indicating ability was developed by electrospinning method for simultaneously preserving and monitoring Lateolabrax japonicus freshness. The lower layer, serving as the antibacterial layer, was composed of zein (ZN), gelatin (GA) and carvacrol (CA). The upper layer, working as the indicating layer, was composed of chitosan (CS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and blueberry anthocyanins (BBA). It was found that the film had strong antibacterial activity against common foodborne bacteria, suggesting it could prolong the shelf life of fish by 24 h during storage at 4 °C. Meanwhile, the bilayer film was sensitive to NH3, with a LOD value of 0.03357 μM. It exhibited a red-to-blue color change when was used to monitor the freshness of fish, due to the increasing content of volatile amines of fish.

Graphical abstract

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

Data Availability

The authors will supply the relevant data in response to reasonable requests.

References

  1. X. Zhai, Z. Li, J. Shi, X. Huang, Z. Sun, D. Zhang, X. Zou, Y. Sun, J. Zhang, M. Holmes, Y. Gong, M. Povey, S. Wang, A colorimetric hydrogen sulfide sensor based on gellan gum-silver nanoparticles bionanocomposite for monitoring of meat spoilage in intelligent packaging. Food Chem. 290, 135–143 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.03.138

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. L. Barbosa-Pereira, J.M. Cruz, R. Sendón, A.R.B. de Quirós, A. Ares, M. Castro-López, M.J. Abad, J. Maroto, P. Paseiro-Losada, Development of antioxidant active films containing tocopherols to extend the shelf life of fish. Food Control 31, 236–243 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.09.036

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. S.S. Chin, F.H. Lyn, Z.A. Nur Hanani, Effect of Aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis Miller) gel on the physical and functional properties of fish gelatin films as active packaging. Food Packag. Shelf Life 12, 128–134 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fpsl.2017.04.008

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. P. Ezati, R. Priyadarshi, Y.J. Bang, J.-W. Rhim, CMC and CNF-based intelligent pH-responsive color indicator films integrated with shikonin to monitor fish freshness. Food Control. 126(2), 108046 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. J. Yan, R. Cui, Y. Qin, L. Li, M. Yuan, A pH indicator film based on chitosan and butterfly pudding extract for monitoring fish freshness. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 177, 328–336 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.02.137

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. J.K.P. Martim, L.T. Maranho, L.T. Costa-Casagrande, Review: Role of the chemical compounds present in the essential oil and in the extract of Cordia verbenacea DC as an anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and healing product. J. Ethnopharmacol. 265, 113300 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2020.113300

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. C.S. Dzah, Y. Duan, H. Zhang, C. Wen, J. Zhang, G. Chen, H. Ma, The effects of ultrasound assisted extraction on yield, antioxidant, anticancer and antimicrobial activity of polyphenol extracts: a review. Food Biosci. 35, 100547 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbio.2020.100547

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. S. Sathiyaraj, G. Suriyakala, A.D. Gandhi, R. Babujanarthanam, K.S. Almaary, T.-W. Chen, K. Kaviyarasu, Biosynthesis, characterization, and antibacterial activity of gold nanoparticles. J. Infect. Public Health 14(12), 1842–1847 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2021.10.007

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. N.B. Rathod, P. Kulawik, F. Ozogul, J.M. Regenstein, Y. Ozogul, Biological activity of plant-based carvacrol and thymol and their impact on human health and food quality. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 116, 733–748 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2021.08.023

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. R. Tao, J. Sedman, A. Ismail, Characterization and in vitro antimicrobial study of soy protein isolate films incorporating carvacrol. Food Hydrocolloids 122, 107091 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107091

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. L.M. Fonseca, C.E. dos Santos Cruxen, G.P. Bruni, Â.M. Fiorentini, E. da Rosa Zavareze, L.-T. Lim, A.R.G. Dias, Development of antimicrobial and antioxidant electrospun soluble potato starch nanofibers loaded with carvacrol. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 139, 1182–1190 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.08.096

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. A. Altan, Z. Aytac, T. Uyar, Carvacrol loaded electrospun fibrous films from zein and poly(lactic acid) for active food packaging. Food Hydrocolloids 81, 48–59 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2018.02.028

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. J. Andrade, C. González-Martínez, A. Chiralt, Effect of carvacrol in the properties of films based on poly (vinyl alcohol) with different molecular characteristics. Polym. Degrad. Stab. 179, 109282 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2020.109282

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. C. Shen, Y. Cao, J. Rao, Y. Zou, H. Zhang, D. Wu, K. Chen, Application of solution blow spinning to rapidly fabricate natamycin-loaded gelatin/zein/polyurethane antimicrobial nanofibers for food packaging. Food Packag. Shelf Life 29, 100721 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fpsl.2021.100721

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. W. Tongdeesoontorn, S. Rawdkuen, Gelatin-based films and coatings for food packaging applications, in Reference Module in Food Science (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2019)

  16. Y.-N. Jiang, H.-Y. Mo, D.-G. Yu, Electrospun drug-loaded core–sheath PVP/zein nanofibers for biphasic drug release. Int. J. Pharm. 438, 232–239 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.08.053

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. J. Liang, R. Chen, Impact of cross-linking mode on the physical properties of zein/PVA composite films. Food Packag. Shelf Life 18, 101–106 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fpsl.2018.10.003

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. T. Gasti, S. Dixit, O.J. D’Souza, V.D. Hiremani, S.K. Vootla, S.P. Masti, R.B. Chougale, R.B. Malabadi, Smart biodegradable films based on chitosan/methylcellulose containing Phyllanthus reticulatus anthocyanin for monitoring the freshness of fish fillet. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 187, 451–461 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.128

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Y.Y. Guo, X.L. Lu, X.T. Li et al., Research Progress in the Application of Electrospinning Technology in the Protection of Active Ingredients and Probiotics. Sci. Technol. Food Ind. 4, 88–101 (2021). https://doi.org/10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2021020232

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Y. Qi, H. Zhang, J.M. Awika, L. Wang, H. Qian, L. Gu, Depolymerization of sorghum procyanidin polymers into oligomers using HCl and epicatechin: reaction kinetics and optimization. J. Cereal Sci. 70, 170–176 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcs.2016.06.002

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Q. Ma, Y. Ren, L. Wang, Investigation of antioxidant activity and release kinetics of curcumin from tara gum/ polyvinyl alcohol active film. Food Hydrocolloids 70, 286–292 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2017.04.018

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. I. Choi, H. Choi, J.-S. Lee, J. Han, Novel color stability and colorimetry-enhanced intelligent CO2 indicators by metal complexation of anthocyanins for monitoring chicken freshness. Food Chem. 404, 134534 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134534

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Y. Li, P. Shan, F. Yu, H. Li, L. Peng, Fabrication and characterization of waste fish scale-derived gelatin/sodium alginate/carvacrol loaded ZIF-8 nanoparticles composite films with sustained antibacterial activity for active food packaging. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 230, 123192 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123192

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Z. Song, H. Liu, A. Huang, C. Zhou, P. Hong, C. Deng, Collagen/zein electrospun films incorporated with gallic acid for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) muscle preservation. J. Food Eng. 317, 110860–61 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2021.110860

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. V.A. Pereira Jr., I.N.Q. de Arruda, S. Ricardo, Active chitosan/PVA films with anthocyanins from Brassica oleraceae (red cabbage) as time–temperature indicators for application in intelligent food packaging. Food Hydrocolloids 43, 180–188 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2014.05.014

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. P. Shinde, H. Agraval, A.K. Srivastav, U.C.S. Yadav, U. Kumar, Physico-chemical characterization of carvacrol loaded zein nanoparticles for enhanced anticancer activity and investigation of molecular interactions between them by molecular docking. Int. J. Pharm. 588, 119795 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119795

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. W. Liu, T. Wang, Y. Tao, Z. Ling, C. Huang, C. Lai, Q. Yong, Fabrication of anti-bacterial, hydrophobic and UV resistant galactomannan-zinc oxide nanocomposite films. Polymer 215, 123412 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2021.123412

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. G. Goksen, H.I. Ekiz, Electrospun poly (vinyl alcohol) with anthocyanins from black carrot nanofibrous film for pH biosensor applications. J. Biotechnol. 280, 12–31 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2018.06.080

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. J. Liu, J. Huang, Y. Ying, L. Hu, Y. Hu, pH-sensitive and antibacterial films developed by incorporating anthocyanins extracted from purple potato or roselle into chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol/nano-ZnO matrix: comparative study. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 178, 104–112 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.02.115

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. R. Scaffaro, A. Maio, E.F. Gulino, D.M. Micale, PLA-based functionally graded laminates for tunable controlled release of carvacrol obtained by combining electrospinning with solvent casting. React. Funct. Polym. 148, 104490 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2020.104490

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. S. Peng, J. Zhang, T. Zhang, S. Hati, H. Mo, D. Xu, H. Li, L. Hu, Z. Liu, Characterization of carvacrol incorporated antimicrobial film based on agar/konjac glucomannan and its application in chicken preservation. J. Food Eng. 330, 111091 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2022.111091

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. A. Ordaz-Galindo, P. Wesche-Ebeling, R.E. Worlstad, L. Rodrigue-Saona, A. Argaiz-Jamet, Purification and identification of Capulin (Prunus serotina Ehrh) anthocyanins. Food Chem. 65(2), 201–206 (1999)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. H. Lin, J. Zhao, Q. Chen, Y. Zhang, Rapid detection of total viable count (TVC) in pork meat by hyperspectral imaging. Food Res. Int. 54(1), 821–828 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2013.08.011

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. G.S. Stewart, Micro-organisms in food-2. Sampling for microbiological analysis: principles and specific applications ICMSF, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1986. 310 pp. Price: 19·50 (cloth). Meat Sci. 19(4), 315–315 (1987)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32102080, 31801631, 1601360061); Jiangsu Natural Science Foundation for Excellent Young Scholars (BK20200103); China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2020M683372); Jiangsu Association for Science and Technology Youth Talent Promotion Project; The Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System; Young Talent Development Program of Jiangsu University; Project of Faculty of Agricultural Equipment of Jiangsu University.

Author information

Author notes

  1. Zhangqi Huang and Xiaodong Zhai have contributed equally to this study.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Agricultural Product Processing and Storage Lab, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China

    Zhangqi Huang, Xiaodong Zhai, Litao Yin, Jiyong Shi, Xiaobo Zou, Zhihua Li, Xiaowei Huang & Xingdan Ma

  2. School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK

    Megan Povey

  3. International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agro-Products Processing, Jiangsu Education Department, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China

    Zhangqi Huang, Xiaodong Zhai, Litao Yin, Jiyong Shi, Xiaobo Zou, Zhihua Li, Xiaowei Huang, Xingdan Ma & Megan Povey

Authors
  1. Zhangqi Huang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Xiaodong Zhai
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Litao Yin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Jiyong Shi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Xiaobo Zou
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Zhihua Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Xiaowei Huang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Xingdan Ma
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Megan Povey
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

ZH: Conceptualization; data curation; formal analysis; investigation; methodology; writing—original draft. XZ: Conceptualization; data curation; formal analysis; funding acquisition; investigation; methodology; project administration; writing—review and editing. LY: Funding acquisition; investigation; methodology; project administration; writing—review and editing. JS: Funding acquisition; investigation; methodology; project administration; writing—review and editing. XZ: Funding acquisition; investigation; methodology; project administration; writing—review and editing. ZL: funding acquisition; investigation; methodology; project administration; writing—review and editing. XH: Funding acquisition; investigation; methodology; project administration; writing—review and editing. XM: Data curation; formal analysis. MP: Conceptualization; methodology.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Xiaobo Zou.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors have no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Huang, Z., Zhai, X., Yin, L. et al. A smart bilayer film containing zein/gelatin/carvacrol and polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan/anthocyanin for Lateolabrax japonicus preservation and freshness monitoring. Food Measure 17, 6470–6483 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11694-023-02106-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11694-023-02106-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation