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Microstructural Analysis and Effect of Spin-Canting on Magnetic Attributes of Single-Phase Polycrystalline Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles

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Abstract

Cobalt ferrite (CF) nanoparticles (CFNPs), prepared using citrate precursor method, were characterized using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and Vibrating-sample Magnetometer (VSM) techniques to obtain their microstructural, morphological, and magnetic properties. The analysis of the obtained XRD data confirmed the spinel structure and phase purity of CFNPs with a crystallite size of ~ 26 nm. The SEM micrograph revealed the formation of nonuniform-sized grains, confirming the polycrystalline nature of the synthesized CFNPs. The VSM data revealed that the CFNPs exhibited moderate specific saturation magnetization (~ 59 emu/g), moderate specific remanent magnetization (~ 24 emu/g), and slightly higher coercivity (~ 601 Oe). A significant decrease in the specific saturation magnetization of the CFNPs was observed compared to bulk CF counterparts. This study correlates the observed decrease in the specific saturation magnetization to the presence of a degree of inversion (x) arising from less-than-ideal cation distribution for the inverse spinel CF system. This study also reports the existence of a nontrivial deviation of the magnetic order from the ideal, collinear, antiparallel spin structure of the prepared CFNP system. The presence of the Yafet-Kittel type of magnetic order, resulting from the nanoscale crystallite size, cation distribution, intra-sublattice exchange interactions, and spin reorientation, is established. The corresponding values of the Yafet-Kittel angles of the spin-canted magnetic order of the CFNP system have been empirically determined and reported.

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Acknowledgements

Atul Thakur and Preeti Thakur would like to acknowledge Gurujal, an initiative with district administration Gurugram for the financial assistance from project no.176, Amity Incubation grant from the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) under Technology Incubation and Development of Entrepreneurs (TIDE 2.0) program and the startup nanoLatticeX.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Aerospace Engineering, Amity University Haryana, Gurugram, Haryana, 122413, India

    Manish Kumar Bharti, Sonia Chalia & P. B. Sharma

  2. Department of Physics, Amity University Haryana, Gurugram, Haryana, 122413, India

    Preeti Thakur

  3. Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, Tamil Nadu, Chennai, 603103, India

    S. N. Sridhara

  4. Amity Institute of Nanotechnology, Amity University Haryana, Gurugram, Haryana, 122413, India

    Atul Thakur

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  1. Manish Kumar Bharti
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Bharti, M.K., Chalia, S., Thakur, P. et al. Microstructural Analysis and Effect of Spin-Canting on Magnetic Attributes of Single-Phase Polycrystalline Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles. J Supercond Nov Magn 35, 571–579 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10948-021-06101-8

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