Abstract
The present paper aims to propose a theoretical novel protocol for implementing five-party Multidirectional Quantum Controlled Teleportation (MQCT) of a one-qubit state. Utilizing the entangled state of eleven-qubit as a quantum channel, one sender teleports to and receives different quantum information from distant three receivers simultaneously under the supervision of the fifth party as the controller. Hadamard gates, Controlled-Not (CNOT) gates and Controlled-Z gates (CZ) are used to construct the quantum channel. The proposed protocol is found to be more efficient as it has minimum resource consumption than most existing protocols. The protocol has been examined in noisy channels and the results show that the fidelities under Amplitude Damping Noise (ADN) and Phase Damping Noise (PDN) depend only upon the amplitude coefficients and the decoherence noisy rate. The proposed protocol has also been analyzed and found to be secure.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data availability
Not applicable.
References
Bennett, C.H., Brassard, G., Crépeau, C., Jozsa, R., Peres, A., Wootters, W.K.: Teleporting an unknown quantum state via dual classical and Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen channels. Phys. Rev. Lett. 70(13), 895–1899 (1993)
Yang, K., Huang, L., Yang, W., Song, F.: Quantum teleportation via GHZ-like state. Int. J. Theor. Phys. 48, 516–521 (2009)
Cao, L.Y., Xue, S.B., Jiang, M.: Teleportation of an unknown four-qubit cluster state based on cluster states with minimum resource. IEEE Access 8, 81447–81457 (2020)
Sadeghi Zadeh, M.S., Houshmand, M., Aghababa, H.: Bidirectional teleportation of a two-qubit state by using eight-qubit entangled state as a quantum channel. Int. J. Theor. Phys. 56, 2101–2112 (2017)
Zhang, B., Liu, X.T., Wang, J., Tang, C.J.: Quantum teleportation of an arbitrary N-qubit state via GHZ-like states. Int. J. Theor. Phys. 55, 1601–1611 (2016)
Wang, L.Q., Zha, X.W.: Two schemes of teleportation one-particle state by a three-particle GHZ state. Optics Commun. 283(20), 4118–4121 (2010)
Yu, L.Z., Zhu, L.Z.: Probabilistic Teleportation of Two-particle Entangled State via a Cluster State. 30(5), 580-584 (2009)
Tian, D., Tao, Y., Qin, M.: Teleportation of an arbitrary two-qudit state based on the non-maximally four-qudit cluster state. Sci. China, Ser. G 51, 1523–1528 (2008)
Nie, Y.Y., Li, Y.H., Liu, J.C., Sang, M.H.: Perfect teleportation of an arbitrary three-qubit state by using W-class states. Int. J. Theor. Phys. 50, 3225–3229 (2011)
Tsai, C.W., Hwang, T.: Teleportation of a pure EPR state via GHZ-like state. Int. J. Theor. Phys. 49(8), 1969–1975 (2010)
Huelga, S.F., Vaccaro, J.A., Chefles, A., Plenio, M.B.: Quantum remote control: teleportation of unitary operations. Phys. Rev. A 63(4), 042303 (2001)
Weedbrook, C., Pirandola, S., García-Patrón, R., Cerf, N.J., Ralph, T.C., Shapiro, J.H., Lloyd, S.: Gaussian quantum information. Rev. Mod. Phys. 84(2), 621 (2012)
Nielsen, M.A., Chuang, I.: Quantum computation and quantum information. Am J Phys 70(5), 558–559 (2002)
Karimipour, V., Rad, M.S., Asoudeh, M.: Perfect quantum state transfer in two-and three-dimensional structures. Phys. Rev. A 85(1), 010302 (2012)
Gordon, G., Rigolin, G.: Generalized teleportation protocol. Phys Rev A 73(4), 042309 (2006)
Karlsson, A., Bournnane, M.: Quantum teleportation using three-particle entanglement. Phys. Rev. A 58(6), 4394–4400 (1998)
Deng, F.G., Li, C.Y., Li, Y.S., Zhou, H.Y., Wang, Y.: Symmetric multiparty-controlled teleportation of an arbitrary two-particle entanglement. Phys. Rev. A 72(2), 022338 (2005)
Man, Z.X., Xia, Y.J., An, N.B.: Genuine multiqubit entanglement and controlled teleportation. Phys. Rev. A 75(5), 052306 (2007)
Gao, T., Yan, F.L., Li, Y.C.: Optimal controlled teleportation. Europhys. Lett. 84(5), 50001 (2008)
Li, X.H., Ghose, S.: Control power in perfect controlled teleportation via partially entangled channels. Phys. Rev. A 90(5), 052305 (2014)
Naseri, M., Raji, M.A., Hantehzadeh, M.R., Farouk, A., Boochani, A., Solaymani, S.: A scheme for secure quantum communication network with authentication using GHZ-like states and cluster states controlled teleportation. Quantum Inf. Process. 14, 4279–4295 (2015)
Hassanpour, S., Houshmand, M.: Bidirectional teleportation of a pure EPR state by using GHZ states. Quantum Inf. Process. 15(2), 905–912 (2016)
Kazemikhah, P., Aghababa, H.: Bidirectional quantum teleportation of an arbitrary number of qubits by using four qubit cluster state. Int. J. Theor. Phys. 60, 378–386 (2021)
Verma, V.: Bidirectional quantum teleportation by using two GHZ-states as the quantum channel. IEEE Commun. Lett. 25(3), 936–939 (2020)
Mafi, Y., Kazemikhah, P., Ahmadkhaniha, A., Aghababa, H., Kolahdouz, M.: Bidirectional quantum teleportation of an arbitrary number of qubits over a noisy quantum system using 2 n Bell states as quantum channel. Opt. Quant. Electron. 54(9), 568 (2022)
Zha, X.W., Zou, Z.C., Qi, J.X., Song, H.Y.: Bidirectional quantum controlled teleportation via five-qubit cluster state. Int. J. Theor. Phys. 52, 1740–1744 (2013)
Chen, Y.: Bidirectional controlled quantum teleportation by using five-qubit entangled state. Int. J. Theor. Phys. 53, 1454–1458 (2014)
Wang, M., Li, H.S.: Bidirectional quantum teleportation using a five-qubit cluster state as a quantum channel. Quantum Inf. Process. 21(2), 44 (2022)
Zhou, R.G., Xu, R., Lan, H.: Bidirectional quantum teleportation by using six-qubit cluster state. IEEE Access 7, 44269–44275 (2019)
Huo, G., Zhang, T., Zha, X., Zhang, X., Zhang, M.: Controlled asymmetric bidirectional quantum teleportation of two-and three-qubit states. Quantum Inf. Process. 20, 1–11 (2021)
Hong, W.Q.: Asymmetric bidirectional controlled teleportation by using a seven-qubit entangled state. Int. J. Theor. Phys. 55, 384–387 (2016)
Zhang, D., Zha, X.W., Li, W., Yu, Y.: Bidirectional and asymmetric quantum controlled teleportation via maximally eight-qubit entangled state. Quantum Inf. Process. 14, 3835–3844 (2015)
Zhang, X., Jin, W., Zeng, H., Feng, J., Yang, C.: Cost-Effective Bidirectional Controlled Quantum Teleportation Scheme by Using Nine-Qubit Entangled State. Int. J. Theor. Phys. 62(5), 95–102 (2023)
Choudhury, B.S., Samanta, S.: Asymmetric bidirectional 3⇔ 2 qubit teleportation protocol between Alice and Bob via 9-qubit cluster state. Int. J. Theor. Phys. 56, 3285–3296 (2017)
Li, Y.H., Nie, L.P.: Bidirectional controlled teleportation by using a five-qubit composite GHZ-Bell state. Int. J. Theor. Phys. 52, 1630–1634 (2013)
Duan, Y.J., Zha, X.W., Sun, X.M., Xia, J.F.: Bidirectional quantum controlled teleportation via a maximally seven-qubit entangled state. Int. J. Theor. Phys. 53, 2697–2707 (2014)
Li, Y.H., Jin, X.M.: Bidirectional controlled teleportation by using nine-qubit entangled state in noisy environments. Quantum Inf. Process. 15, 929–945 (2016)
Zhou, R.G., Zhang, Y.N., Xu, R., Qian, C., Hou, I.: Asymmetric bidirectional controlled teleportation by using nine-qubit entangled state in a noisy environment. IEEE Access 7, 75247–75264 (2019)
Zhou, R.G., Qian, C., Xu, R.: A novel protocol for bidirectional controlled quantum teleportation of two-qubit states via seven-qubit entangled state in a noisy environment. Int. J. Theor. Phys. 59, 134–148 (2020)
Sarvaghad-Moghaddam, M., Ramezani, Z., Amiri, I.S.: Bidirectional controlled quantum teleportation using the eight-qubit quantum channel in noisy environments. Int. J. Theor. Phys. 59, 3156–3173 (2020)
Jiang, S.X., Zhou, R.G., Xu, R., Luo, G.: Cyclic hybrid double-channel quantum communication via Bell-state and GHZ-state in noisy environments. IEEE Access 7, 80530–80541 (2019)
Zhou, R.G., Ling, C.: Asymmetric Cyclic Controlled Quantum Teleportation by Using Nine-Qubit Entangled State. Int. J. Theor. Phys. 60(9), 3435–3459 (2021)
Mafi, Y., Kazemikhah, P., Ahmadkhaniha, A.: Bidirectional quantum teleportation of an arbitrary number of qubits over a noisy quantum system using 2 n Bell states as quantum channel. Opt Quantum Electron 54(9), 1–13 (2022)
Ekert, A.K.: Quantum cryptography based on Bell’s theorem. Phys. Rev. Lett. 67(6), 661 (1991)
Nielsen, M.A., Chuang, I.L.: Quantum computation and quantum information. Phys. Today 54(2), 60 (2001)
Bennett, C.H., Brassard, G., Ekert, A.K.: Quantum cryptography. Scic Am. 267(4), 50–57 (1992)
Deng, F.G., Long, G.L., Liu, X.S.: Two-step quantum direct communication protocol using the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pair block. Phys. Rev. A 68(4), 042317 (2003)
Yuan, H., Liu, Y.M., Zhang, W., Zhang, Z.J.: Optimizing resource consumption, operation complexity and efficiency in quantum-state sharing. J. Phys. B At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 41(14) (2008)
Liang, X.T.: Classical information capacities of some single qubit quantum noisy channels. Commun. Theor. Phys. 39(5), 537–542 (2003)
Choudhury, B.S., Samanta, S.: Asymmetric bidirectional quantum state exchange between Alice and Bob through a third party. Optik 231, 166435 (2021)
Kazemikhah, P., Tabalvandani, M.B., Mafi, Y., Aghababa, H.: Asymmetric bidirectional controlled quantum teleportation using eight qubit cluster state. Int. J. Theor. Phys. 61(2) (2022)
Zhang, D., Zha, X.W., Duan, Y.J.: Bidirectional and asymmetric quantum controlled teleportation. Int. J. Theor. Phys. 54(5), 1711–1719 (2015)
Kaur, S., Gill, S.: Asymmetric controlled quantum teleportation via eight-qubit entangled state in a noisy environment. Int. J. Theor. Phys. 62(2), 31 (2023)
Kaur, S., Lal, J., Gill, S.: Bidirectional quantum controlled teleportation of unique four-qubit states by newly entangled 15-qubit state. Opt. Quant. Electron. 55(7) (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-023-04829-2
Funding
There was no support from any organization for the work submitted by the authors.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
Each author contributed equally to the study and approved the final version of the manuscript.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Ethical Approval
Not applicable.
Competing interests
There are no conflicts of interest reported by the authors.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Appendix
Appendix
To maintain the paper structure, the Appendix contains all possible measurements and unitary operations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Kaur, S., Priyanka, Lal, J. et al. Multidirectional Quantum Controlled Teleportation in Noisy Environment. Int J Theor Phys 62, 249 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10773-023-05472-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10773-023-05472-z