Abstract
The nonpathogenic strain ARK-1 of Allorhizobium vitis has an antagonistic activity toward the tumorigenic (Ti) strain of A. vitis and works as a biocontrol agent, but the biocontrol mechanism in plants needs to be better understood. Inoculations of ARK-1 or Ti strain induced expression of marker genes for defense-related phytohormones such as salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and ethylene in grapevine within 72 h post-inoculation (hpi). Inoculation of Ti strain 5 days after ARK-1 pre-inoculation induced expression of the marker genes except for the LOX-9 gene in a similar manner to those without the pre-inoculation, suggesting that ARK-1 did not induce typical acquired systemic resistance. However, the transcript of LOX-9 was detected at 24 and 48 hpi with Ti strain when ARK-1 was pre-inoculated, unlike the uninoculated condition. ARK-1 primed the induction of certain defense genes, and it may take part in its biocontrol activity.
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Acknowledgements
We are grateful to Dr. K. Inoue (Research Institute for Agriculture, Okayama Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries) who gave us much useful advice.
Funding
This research was supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI Grant) 17H03778 and 20K20572 from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan to A. Kawaguchi and Y. Noutoshi.
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Kawaguchi, A., Noutoshi, Y. Insight into inducing disease resistance with Allorhizobium vitis strain ARK-1, a biological control agent against grapevine crown gall disease. Eur J Plant Pathol 162, 981–987 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-021-02440-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-021-02440-3