Abstract
Asparagus officinalis is the most economically important species of asparagus worldwide. Commercial cultivars of asparagus are susceptible to some biotic and abiotic stresses. Drought stress is one of the most common stresses in agricultural crops cultivation. The main purpose of the current study was to compare Iranian asparagus accessions drought tolerance rate with that of ‘Mary Washington’ commercial cultivar and introducing superior accessions in terms of dry resistance rate. A factorial experiment was laid out based on a completely randomized design with three replications. The factors were a) asparagus accession in 10 levels including nine wild accessions of Iranian asparagus and ‘Mary Washington’ commercial cultivar (as control) and b) drought stress in four levels including 0 (as control), 5, 10 and 15% (w/v polyethylene glycol). Results showed that highest values of percentage and speed of seed germination and lengths of radicle and plumule were recorded in Gazanak accession. The lowest values of radicle length were recorded in Chalaki and Shiraz accessions (6.19 and 8.01 mm, respectively). Calli of ‘Mary Washington’ cultivar under highest applied level of drought stress showed the lowest value of relative growth rate (11.53 mg/day). Cluster analysis based on assessed characteristics under different applied levels of drought stress, divided Iranian asparagus accessions into four groups at Euclidean distance of 2.0. In conclusion, obtained results showed that Iranian asparagus accessions especially Gazanak accession could be a good candidate to apply in asparagus breeding programs with aim of producing asparagus dry tolerant cultivars.
Zusammenfassung
Asparagus officinalis ist die wirtschaftlich wichtigste Spargelart weltweit. Die im Handel erhältlichen Spargelsorten sind anfällig für einige biotische und abiotische Stressfaktoren. Trockenstress ist einer der häufigsten Stressfaktoren im landwirtschaftlichen Pflanzenanbau. Das Hauptziel der vorliegenden Studie bestand darin, die Trockentoleranz iranischer Spargelsorten mit der der kommerziellen Sorte ‘Mary Washington’ zu vergleichen und überlegene Sorten in Bezug auf die Trockenresistenz zu ermitteln. Es wurde ein faktorieller Versuch auf der Grundlage eines vollständig randomisierten Designs mit drei Wiederholungen angelegt. Die Faktoren waren a) Spargelsorten in 10 Stufen, darunter neun Wildsorten iranischen Spargels und die kommerzielle Sorte ‘Mary Washington’ (als Kontrolle) und b) Trockenstress in vier Stufen, darunter 0 (als Kontrolle), 5, 10 und 15 % (w/v Polyethylenglykol). Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass die höchsten Werte für den prozentualen Anteil und die Geschwindigkeit der Samenkeimung sowie für die Länge der Keimwurzel und der Knospe bei der Sorte ‘Gazanak’ verzeichnet wurden. Die niedrigsten Werte für die Länge der Keimwurzel wurden bei den Sorten ‘Chalaki’ und ‘Shiraz’ festgestellt (6,19 bzw. 8,01 mm). Die Kalli der Sorte ‘Mary Washington’ zeigten unter dem höchsten angewandten Trockenstress den niedrigsten Wert der relativen Wachstumsrate (11,53 mg/Tag). Eine Clusteranalyse auf der Grundlage der bewerteten Merkmale unter verschiedenen Trockenstressniveaus teilte die iranischen Spargelsorten in vier Gruppen mit einem euklidischen Abstand von 2,0. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass iranische Spargelsorten, insbesondere die Sorte ‘Gazanak’, ein guter Kandidat für Spargelzuchtprogramme sein könnten, um trockenheitstolerante Spargelsorten zu züchten.
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This work was supported by university of Zanjan (grant number 99.06.348).
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A. Namaki, Z. Ghahremani, M. Aelaei, T. Barzegar and M.E. Ranjbar declare that they have no competing interests.
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Namaki, A., Ghahremani, Z., Aelaei, M. et al. The First Report of Drought Tolerance Assessment of Iranian Asparagus. Gesunde Pflanzen 74, 141–149 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-021-00596-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-021-00596-w