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Sulfonic acid functionalized monolithic column for high selectivity capillary electrochromatography separation

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Abstract

A new nano-scale spherical vinyl-functionalized covalent organic polymer (TAPT-DVA-COP) with uniform sizes around 300 nm was initially constructed using 2,5-divinyl-1,4-benzaldehyde (DVA) and 2,4,6-tris(4-aminophenyl)-1,3,5-triazine (TAPT) as monomers. Then, a sulfonic acid (-SO3H) modified COP termed COP-SO3H was developed based on post-sythesis method employing TAPT-DVA-COP as precursor. Capillary electrochromatography (CEC) monolithic columns were fabricated using the physical doping technique to exhibit the application potential of TAPT-DVA-COP and COP-SO3H. Compared to the TAPT-DVA-COP monolithic column, the COP-SO3H monolithic column achieved a highly selective separation between analytes with different properties, including monosubstituted benzenes, alkylbenzenes, hydroxybenzoates, nucleoside bases, and biogenic amines. Non-covalent interaction (NCI) analysis and experimental data show that the synergism of the sulfonic acid group and aromatic moieties on COP-SO3H endows the new stationary phase with diverse interactions, including ion exchange, hydrophobic, π-π and hydrogen bonding. In addition, the COP-SO3H monolithic column exhibited good reproducibility and excellent potential for the determination of hydroxybenzoates in compact powders and alkylbenzenes in effluent samples.

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Acknowledgements

We acknowledge financial support from the projects of National Natural Science Foundation of China (21974124, 22004109 and 22276177); China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2022M710167) and Postdoctoral Research Grant in Henan Province (202102080).

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Author notes

  1. Shuyu Dai and Yun Guo These authors contributed equally and should be considered as co-first authors.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Molecular Sensing and Harmful Substances Detection Technology, Zhengzhou University, Kexue Avenue 100, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People’s Republic of China

    Shuyu Dai, Yun Guo, Hongyan Mao, Xiaohui Wei, Wenfen Zhang, Xin Chen, Wuduo Zhao & Shusheng Zhang

  2. Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Flavour Science Research Center of Zhengzhou University, Kexue Avenue 100, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People’s Republic of China

    Wenfen Zhang & Shusheng Zhang

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  1. Shuyu Dai
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Contributions

Shuyu Dai: Conceptualizatin, Methodology, Experiment, Formal analysis, Writing the original draft. Yun Guo: Methodology, Validation, Investigation. Hongyan Mao: Writing-review & editing. Xiaohui Wei: Methodology, Experiment supplement. Wenfen Zhang: Project administration, Writing—review & editing, Supervision, Funding acquisition. Xin Chen: Methodology, Experiment supplement. Wuduo Zhao: Writing—review & editing. Shusheng Zhang: Project administration, Writing—review & editing, Supervision, Funding acquisition.

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Correspondence to Wenfen Zhang or Shusheng Zhang.

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Dai, S., Guo, Y., Mao, H. et al. Sulfonic acid functionalized monolithic column for high selectivity capillary electrochromatography separation. Microchim Acta 190, 402 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-023-05994-7

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