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Association between benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and osteoporosis: two nested case-control studies

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Abstract

Summary

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) was related to a 1.28 times higher risk of osteoporosis. In addition, osteoporosis was associated with a 1.34 times higher risk of BPPV. This bidirectional relation was maintained after adjusting past medical histories and lifestyle factors, including obesity, smoking, and alcohol consumption. To our knowledge, this is the first study to explore the reciprocal association between BPPV and osteoporosis. In subgroup analyses, only women showed a reciprocal association between BPPV and osteoporosis.

Introduction

A previous population cohort study suggested an association between osteoporosis and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). This study aimed to investigate the bidirectional association between BPPV and osteoporosis.

Methods

The Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort data from 2002 to 2013 were used. In study I, the 50,897 osteoporosis patients were 1:1 matched with control I participants for age, sex, income, and region of residence. The previous histories of BPPV were analyzed in both groups using conditional logistic regression analysis. In study II, 9621 BPPV patients were 1:4 matched with control II participants. The previous histories of osteoporosis were analyzed in both groups using conditional logistic regression analysis. According to age and sex, subgroup analyses were achieved in both studies I and II.

Results

A total of 1.6% (822/50,897) of osteoporosis patients and 1.3% (644/50,897) of control I participants had BPPV. The osteoporosis patients demonstrated a 1.28 times higher chance of developing BPPV (95% confidence intervals [95% CI] = 1.16–1.42, P < 0.001). In study II, 21.2% (2040/9621) of BPPV patients and 17.6% (6790/38,484) of control II participants had osteoporosis. The BPPV patients showed 1.34 times higher chance of having osteoporosis (95% CI = 1.26–1.43, P < 0.001). In the analysis of the women subgroup, these relations were reliable.

Conclusion

Osteoporosis patients had increased odds of having BPPV. On the other hand, BPPV patients had increased odds of having osteoporosis. This bidirectional relation was consistent only in the women subgroup.

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Data availability

Releasing of the data by the researcher is not allowed legally. All of the data are available from the database of National health Insurance Sharing Service (NHISS) (https://nhiss.nhis.or.kr/). NHISS allows all of this data for any researcher who promises to follow the research ethics with some cost. If you want to access the data of this article, you could download it from the website after promising to follow the research ethics.

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Funding

This work was supported in part by a research grant (NRF-2018-R1D1A1A02085328) from the National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea, and Hallym University Research Fund (HURF-2018-48).

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Author notes

  1. S.Y. Kim and H.-J. Kim contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea

    S. Y. Kim

  2. Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, 22, Gwanpyeong-ro 170beon-gil, Dongan-gu, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14068, Republic of Korea

    H.-J. Kim & H. G. Choi

  3. Hallym Data Science Laboratory, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea

    C. Min & H. G. Choi

  4. Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

    C. Min

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  4. H. G. Choi
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Correspondence to H. G. Choi.

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The ethics committee of Hallym University (2017-I102) permitted this study. Written informed consent was waived by the Institutional Review Board. All analyses adhered to the guidelines and regulations of the ethics committee of Hallym University.

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Kim, S.Y., Kim, HJ., Min, C. et al. Association between benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and osteoporosis: two nested case-control studies. Osteoporos Int 31, 2017–2024 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-020-05478-x

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