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Heavy Metal Pollution in Water: Cause and Remediation Strategies

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Current Status of Marine Water Microbiology

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Abstract

Contamination by heavy metals and metalloids in water resources, soil, and air is one of the most severe problems that compromise food and water safety and public health globally and locally. Water naturally contains heavy metals; however, its increase, although sometimes also determined by natural enrichment when passing through aquifers containing rocks with a high concentration of this material, is mostly linked to human activity, such as mining and industry, which generates waste such as lead, mercury, cadmium, arsenic, and chromium, which reach rivers and contaminate groundwater. The danger of heavy metals is greater since they are not chemically or biologically degradable. Once emitted, they can remain in the environment for hundreds of years. In addition, its concentration in living beings increases as they are ingested by others, so the ingestion of contaminated plants or animals can cause symptoms of poisoning. Today we know a great variety of methods and techniques that can be used for the removal of heavy metals from water, each of which shows advantages and disadvantages that must be analyzed. The search for new materials and alternatives for the disinfection of water contaminated with heavy metals, as well as the optimization of those that we know today, is a permanent task for the scientific community.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Multidisciplinary Postgraduate Program in Environmental Sciences, San Luis Potosí, Mexico

    Lázaro Adrián González-Fernández & Nahum Andrés Medellín-Castillo

  2. Center for Research and Postgraduate Studies of the School of Engineering, San Luis Potosí, Mexico

    Nahum Andrés Medellín-Castillo & Paola Elizabeth Díaz-Flores

  3. Technological University of Izúcar de Matamoros, Izúcar de Matamoros, Mexico

    Amado Enrique Navarro-Frómeta

  4. School of Professional Studies Huasteca Zone, Ciudad Valles, Mexico

    Candy Carranza-Álvarez

  5. Department of Inorganic Chemistry, School of Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain

    Ventura Castillo-Ramos & Manuel Sánchez-Polo

  6. Institute of Metallurgy, San Luis Potosí, Mexico

    Javier E. Vilasó-Cadre

  7. School of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, Soledad de Graciano Sánchez, Mexico

    Paola Elizabeth Díaz-Flores

  8. Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad Autonoma de Coahuila, Saltillo, Mexico

    Lourdes Morales-Oyervides & Nancy Verónica Pérez-Aguilar

  9. Estación Regional del Noroeste, Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Hermosillo, Sonora, México

    René Loredo-Portales

  10. Department of Mathematic and Physical Science, University of Yaounde I, National Advanced School of Engineering, Yaounde, Cameroon

    Bridinette Thiodjio Sendja

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  1. Lázaro Adrián González-Fernández
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Correspondence to Nahum Andrés Medellín-Castillo .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Raipur, C.G., Krishak Nagar Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India

    Ravindra Soni

  2. Department of Science, Vidyadayini Institute of Science, Management and Technology, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India

    Deep Chandra Suyal

  3. Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad Autonoma de Coahuila, Saltillo, Mexico

    Lourdes Morales-Oyervides

  4. Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de la Réunion, Saint-Denis, Réunion, France

    Mireille Fouillaud

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González-Fernández, L.A. et al. (2023). Heavy Metal Pollution in Water: Cause and Remediation Strategies. In: Soni, R., Suyal, D.C., Morales-Oyervides, L., Fouillaud, M. (eds) Current Status of Marine Water Microbiology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-5022-5_10

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