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Molecular Imaging of Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment

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Neuroinflammation, Gut-Brain Axis and Immunity in Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1411))

Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurocognitive disorder. Due to the ineffectiveness of treatments targeting the amyloid cascade, molecular biomarkers for neuroinflammation are attracting attention with increasing knowledge about the role of neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis of AD. This chapter will explore the results of studies using molecular imaging for diagnosing AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Because it is critical to interpreting the data to understand which substances are targeted in molecular imaging, this chapter will discuss the two most significant targets, microglia and astrocytes, as well as the best-known radioligands for each. Then, neuroimaging results with PET neuroinflammation imaging will be reviewed for AD and MCI. Although a growing body of evidence has suggested that these molecular imaging biomarkers for neuroinflammation may have a role in the diagnosis of AD and MCI, the findings are inconsistent or cross-sectional, which indicates that it is difficult to apply the contents in practice due to the need for additional study. In particular, because the results of multiple interventions targeting neuroinflammation were inconclusive, molecular imaging markers for neuroinflammation can be used in combination with conventional markers to select appropriate patients for early intervention for neuroinflammation rather than as a single marker.

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  1. Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea

    Junhyung Kim

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    Junhyung Kim

  3. Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea

    Yong-Ku Kim

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Kim, J., Kim, YK. (2023). Molecular Imaging of Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment. In: Kim, YK. (eds) Neuroinflammation, Gut-Brain Axis and Immunity in Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1411. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7376-5_14

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