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Swertia chirayita, an Endangered Anti-diabetic Plant: Trends in Biotechnological Interventions

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Biotechnology of Anti-diabetic Medicinal Plants

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Abstract

Swertia chirayita, a medicinal herb (critically endangered) of the Himalayan region, occurring between 1200 and 2100 m above mean sea level from Kashmir to Bhutan, has been used as a potent anti-diabetic plant in traditional as well as modern medical systems. The anti-diabetic efficacy of Swertia chirayita is mainly attributed to its compounds amarogentin, mangiferin, and swerchirin. Its prevalent curative uses in traditional and modern medical approaches have led to its over-exploitation from its natural habitat, ultimately making it one of the most traded plant species in South Asia. The excessive over-exploitation and unsolved difficulties of seed viability and germination has lead S. chirayita to the verge of extinction. Consequently, alternate propagation approaches are urgently required to reduce industrial/market pressure on wild stocks. Therefore, for the harvest of desirable medicinal active compounds of plants, many in vitro propagation efforts are going on. Although the development of these effective micropropagation protocols have ensured a satisfactory supply of S. chirayita plants to industrial/commercial demands with a succeeding decrease in hysterical harvesting burden on wild populations. Apropos, this chapter highlights trends in biotechnological interventions such as synthetic seed technology, development of somatic embryogenesis protocol from different explants with the effect of plant growth hormones, followed by acclimatization, to produce true-to-type regenerates throughout the year.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India

    Praveen Dhyani

  2. G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment, Ladakh Regional Centre, Leh, Ladakh, India

    Lalit Giri

  3. CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India

    Eshita Sharma

  4. Graphic Era University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India

    Priyanka Sati

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  1. Praveen Dhyani
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  2. Lalit Giri
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  3. Eshita Sharma
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  4. Priyanka Sati
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  1. Crop Research Unit (Genetics and Plant Breeding), Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India

    Saikat Gantait

  2. Institute of Biological Science, SAGE University, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India

    Sandeep Kumar Verma

  3. Plantation Spices Medicinal & Aromatic Crops, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India

    Amit Baran Sharangi

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Dhyani, P., Giri, L., Sharma, E., Sati, P. (2021). Swertia chirayita, an Endangered Anti-diabetic Plant: Trends in Biotechnological Interventions. In: Gantait, S., Verma, S.K., Sharangi, A.B. (eds) Biotechnology of Anti-diabetic Medicinal Plants. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3529-8_6

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