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Anticarcinogenic Potential of Probiotic, Postbiotic Metabolites and Paraprobiotics on Human Cancer Cells

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Probiotic Bacteria and Postbiotic Metabolites: Role in Animal and Human Health

Part of the book series: Microorganisms for Sustainability ((MICRO,volume 2))

Abstract

The performance of probiotic bacteria and their metabolites in the control and treatment of various cancers has been shown by a number of clinical studies. Among probiotic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria are well known for their beneficial role in colonic health, where they also exert anticarcinogenic effects. These beneficial bacteria can inhibit the occurrence of cancer by (1) lowering PH, (2) reducing the level of pro-carcinogenic enzymes, (3) enhancing cell proliferation by inhibiting normal cell apoptosis and by promoting cell differentiation and cytoprotective activities, (4) suppressing inflammation-induced cell apoptosis, (5) enhancing innate immunity, (6) promoting various gut homeostasis, and (7) displaying antioxidant activity. Several research findings showed that probiotic metabolites (postbiotics) can regulate cell proliferation in colorectal cancer and might be considered a therapeutic alternative for treating chemoresistant colorectal cancer. These metabolites including short-chain fatty acids, exopolysaccharides, vitamins, bacteriocin, H2O2, etc. are known to be involved in decreasing the viability of cancer cells and the induction of apoptosis by influencing different signaling pathway. Despite the general definition that probiotics are live microorganisms, a variety of biological responses have been reported from administering dead and frequently heat-killed (Paraprobiotic) probiotic bacterial cultures to various mammalians. The preparations of dead cells have also been fractionated and various cellular components shown to produce a range of biological responses. Many of the biological responses found with the heat-killed probiotic bacterial cells are not antimicrobial effects but are, rather, immunomodulating effects. Owing to the fact that probiotics, paraprobiotics and metabiotics or postbiotics metabolites are the most widely studied biological therapeutic alternatives for the treatment of cancer; hence in this chapter their functions and mechanism of action would be elucidated.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cellular Molecular Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

    Elham Noroozi

  2. Department of Medical Genetics, Islamic Azad University, Shahrood, Iran

    Elham Noroozi

  3. Agriculture Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute (RVSRI), Karaj, Iran

    Majid Tebianian, Morteza Taghizadeh, Maryam Dadar & Naheed Mojgani

Authors
  1. Elham Noroozi
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  2. Majid Tebianian
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  3. Morteza Taghizadeh
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  4. Maryam Dadar
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  5. Naheed Mojgani
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Agriculture Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute (RVSRI), Karaj, Iran

    Naheed Mojgani

  2. Agriculture Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute (RVSRI), Karaj, Iran

    Maryam Dadar

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Noroozi, E., Tebianian, M., Taghizadeh, M., Dadar, M., Mojgani, N. (2021). Anticarcinogenic Potential of Probiotic, Postbiotic Metabolites and Paraprobiotics on Human Cancer Cells. In: Mojgani, N., Dadar, M. (eds) Probiotic Bacteria and Postbiotic Metabolites: Role in Animal and Human Health. Microorganisms for Sustainability, vol 2. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0223-8_6

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