Abstract
Most enveloped viruses encode viral fusion proteins to penetrate host cell by membrane fusion. Interestingly, many enveloped viruses can also use viral fusion proteins to induce cell-cell fusion, both in vitro and in vivo, leading to the formation of syncytia or multinucleated giant cells (MGCs). In addition, some non-enveloped viruses encode specialized viral proteins that induce cell-cell fusion to facilitate viral spread. Overall, viruses that can induce cell-cell fusion are nearly ubiquitous in mammals. Virus cell-to-cell spread by inducing cell-cell fusion may overcome entry and post-entry blocks in target cells and allow evasion of neutralizing antibodies. However, molecular mechanisms of virus-induced cell-cell fusion remain largely unknown. Here, I summarize the current understanding of virus-induced cell fusion and syncytia formation.
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This work was supported by a Wellcome Investigator Award (220863, G.J.T.).
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Xie, M. (2024). Virus-Induced Cell Fusion and Syncytia Formation. In: Kloc, M., Uosef, A. (eds) Syncytia: Origin, Structure, and Functions. Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation, vol 71. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37936-9_14
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