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Influence of Genetics on the Secondary Metabolites of Plants

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Natural Secondary Metabolites

Abstract

Secondary metabolites are natural products and have been attributed with the diverse roles in plants such as survival, interaction with environment, protection from biotic/abiotic stress conditions and as volatile signalling molecules. Secondary metabolites are broadly classified into chemical classes such as terpenoids, alkaloids, phenylpropanoids, steroids etc., and are known to be modulated by various factors, including physiological, genotypic, and environmental factors. These secondary metabolite compounds are biosynthesized via different pathways specific to each class of chemical entities produced in plants. The biosynthetic pathway operates in a linear or branched fashion where any alteration/modulation in the pathway or single gene or group of gene influences the production and accumulation of these metabolites. It has been well established that up or down regulation of concerned genes brought about by natural or artificial means subsequently leads to alteration in enzymatic activities responsible for secondary metabolite synthesis. There has been considerable progress in literature on recombinant expression of pathway genes and its association in enhancement of secondary metabolites in plants. Equally interesting is to understand the genetic impact of secondary metabolites in plants. It has been shown in some earlier studies that genetics play a key role in defining composition as well overall yield of secondary metabolites in plants. There is impact of genotype and environment interaction in secondary metabolite levels that will determine the overall expression of a distinct chemotype/genotype-based concept. A large number of genotypes with characteristic composition have been identified to be developed as key varieties suited for defined metabolites. Such examples exist in plants such as Artemisia annua, Mentha species, Ocimum species, Withania somnifera and several others, where valuable metabolites were shown to be genetically associated. The aim of the current article is to comprehend this less characterized area of secondary metabolism in plants and develop a knowledge resource involving its biosynthesis, accumulation, regulation with reference to their genetic background which in future could be utilized for commercial and pharmacological applications in aroma and drug industries.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, Dayanand Girls Postgraduate College, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Jyoti Singh Jadaun

  2. National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India

    Ritesh Yadav

  3. Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, Haryana, India

    Nisha Yadav & Neelam S. Sangwan

  4. ICAR – Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, Delhi, New Delhi, India

    Shilpi Bansal

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  1. Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal

    Márcio Carocho

  2. Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal

    Sandrina A. Heleno

  3. Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal

    Lillian Barros

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Jadaun, J.S., Yadav, R., Yadav, N., Bansal, S., Sangwan, N.S. (2023). Influence of Genetics on the Secondary Metabolites of Plants. In: Carocho, M., Heleno, S.A., Barros, L. (eds) Natural Secondary Metabolites. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18587-8_12

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