Abstract
Cancer, a second leading cause of death, is appearing as a global health issue having myriad challenges in detection and management. Timely diagnosis and treatment initiation are a key to successful cancer prognosis. Concurrent diagnosis and treatment strategy, commonly known as theranostics, have been emerging owing to its promptness in tackling the cancer associated death burden. Far too many nanomaterials can undergo simultaneous carriage of therapeutics and diagnostics. The rest of them have intrinsic imaging and anti-tumor properties. Among various types of nanomaterials, lipid nanosystems are the best call for cancer theranostics because of their biocompatibility and safety. Stealth liposomes are the most investigated lipid nanomaterial for cancer theranostics. In addition, some “smart” stealth liposomes are also advantageous owing to their tumor selective and targeted release pattern. Temperature-sensitive, pH-sensitive, and ligand-bearing liposomal nanomaterials fall in this category. Solid lipid nanoparticles and Nanostructured-lipid carriers have also been studied for theranostic purpose. Lipoproteins- reconstituted low-density lipoproteins and high-density lipoproteins are the safest and physiologically mimicking lipid-based nanosystem but difficult in fabrication and reconstitution. Porphysomes are the hybrid nanosystem that have intrinsic photodynamic and photothermal therapy-mediated anti-tumor activity with laser emittance used in fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging. This emerging technology, however, appearing as a game-changer system propertied with non-invasive diagnostics and synchronized monitoring of drug pharmacokinetics and targeting along with its response in terms of tumor suppression. Fortunately, these lipid nanomaterials are revolutionizing the field of cancer theranostics which is clearly evidenced by the enrolment of some candidate in clinical trials.
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Jamshaid, H., Fakhar-ud-Din (2021). Emerging Lipid-Based Nanomaterials for Cancer Theranostics. In: Saravanan, M., Barabadi, H. (eds) Cancer Nanotheranostics. Nanotechnology in the Life Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74330-7_5
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