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Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and Derived Techniques

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Molecular Plant Taxonomy

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 2222))

Abstract

Understanding biology and genetics at molecular level has become very important for dissection and manipulation of genome architecture for addressing evolutionary and taxonomic questions. Knowledge of genetic variation and genetic relationship among genotypes is an important consideration for classification, utilization of germplasm resources, and breeding. Molecular markers have contributed significantly in this respect and have been widely used in plant science in a number of ways, including genetic fingerprinting, diagnostics, identification of duplicates and selection of core collections, determination of genetic distances, genome analysis, development of molecular maps, and identification of markers associated with desirable breeding traits. The application of molecular markers largely depends on the type of markers employed, distribution of markers in the genome, type of loci they amplify, level of polymorphism, and reproducibility of products. Among many DNA markers available, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) is the simplest, is cost-effective, and can be performed in a moderate laboratory for most of its applications. In addition, RAPDs can touch much of the genome and has the advantage that no prior knowledge of the genome under research is necessary. The recent improvements in the RAPD technique like arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction (AP-PCR), sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR), DNA amplification fingerprinting (DAF), sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP), cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences (CAPS), random amplified microsatellite polymorphism (RAMPO), and random amplified hybridization microsatellites (RAHM) can complement the shortcomings of RAPDs and have enhanced the utility of this simple technique for specific applications. Simple protocols for these techniques are presented along with the applications of RAPD in genetic diversity analysis, mapping, varietal identification, genetic fidelity testing, etc.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Indian Institute of Spices Research, Kozhikode, Kerala, India

    Kantipudi Nirmal Babu, Thotten Elampilay Sheeja, Erinjery Jose Suraby & Illathidath Payatatti Vijesh Kumar

  2. Providence Women’s College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India

    Divakaran Minoo

  3. Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod, Kerala, India

    Muliyar Krishna Rajesh & Kukkamgai Samsudeen

  4. Division of Crop Improvement and Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research, Kozhikode, Kerala, India

    Thotten Elampilay Sheeja

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  1. Kantipudi Nirmal Babu
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  2. Thotten Elampilay Sheeja
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  3. Divakaran Minoo
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  4. Muliyar Krishna Rajesh
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  5. Kukkamgai Samsudeen
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  6. Erinjery Jose Suraby
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  7. Illathidath Payatatti Vijesh Kumar
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  1. UMR PVBMT, Universite de la Reunion, St Pierre, Réunion, France

    Pascale Besse

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Babu, K.N. et al. (2021). Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and Derived Techniques. In: Besse, P. (eds) Molecular Plant Taxonomy. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2222. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0997-2_13

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0997-2_13

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  • Publisher Name: Humana, New York, NY

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