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Guaiacol/β-cyclodextrin for rapid healing of dry socket: antibacterial activity, cytotoxicity, and bone repair—an animal study

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Abstract

Purpose

Dry socket (DS) is one the most common and symptomatic post-extraction complications; however, no consensus on its treatment has been reached. This study aimed to develop a novel dressing material for DS containing the phenolic agent guaiacol and evaluate its biological properties.

Methods

An inclusion complex of guaiacol and β-cyclodextrin (Gu/βcd) was prepared by freeze-drying. Its antibacterial activity over six oral bacteria was analyzed using the microdilution method, and its cytotoxicity in osteoblasts was assessed with the MTT assay. The alveolar healing process induced by Gu/βcd was evaluated histologically after the treatment of DS in rats.

Results

βcd complexation potentiated Gu’s antibacterial effect and reduced its cytotoxicity in osteoblasts. Bone trabeculae were formed in the alveolar apices of rats treated with Gu/βcd by day 7. On day 14, woven bone occupied the apical and middle thirds of the sockets; on day 21, the entire alveolus was filled by newly formed bone, which was in a more advanced stage of repair than the positive control (Alvogyl™).

Conclusion

The improvement in Gu’s biological properties in vitro and the rapid alveolar repair in comparison with Alvogyl™ in vivo demonstrated the benefits of the Gu/βcd complex as a future alternative for the treatment of DS.

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Acknowledgements

We acknowledge the National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutical, Foundation for Supporting Research in the State of Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG), National Counsel of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq), and Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES).

Funding

This work was supported by the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES, Brazil) in the form of a postgraduate scholarship.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes, 2227, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil

    Patricia Verónica Aulestia-Viera, Rodney Garcia Rocha & Maria Aparecida Borsatti

  2. Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil

    Sávio Morato Lacerda Gontijo & Maria Esperanza Cortés

  3. Department of Chemistry, Exact Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil

    Alinne Damásia Martins Gomes & Rubén Dario Sinisterra

  4. Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes, 1524, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

    Marinilce Fagundes dos Santos

Authors
  1. Patricia Verónica Aulestia-Viera
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  2. Sávio Morato Lacerda Gontijo
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  3. Alinne Damásia Martins Gomes
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  6. Maria Esperanza Cortés
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  7. Marinilce Fagundes dos Santos
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  8. Maria Aparecida Borsatti
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Correspondence to Maria Aparecida Borsatti.

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Aulestia-Viera, P.V., Gontijo, S.M.L., Gomes, A.D.M. et al. Guaiacol/β-cyclodextrin for rapid healing of dry socket: antibacterial activity, cytotoxicity, and bone repair—an animal study. Oral Maxillofac Surg 23, 53–61 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10006-019-00747-4

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