Abstract
World energy production is dominated by the oils, natural gas, and coal which are also known as fossil fuels. These fossil fuels are the main cause of global warming as they emit more carbon and drive toward climate change issue. World energy production needs a transition from fossil fuels to green energy, and it is only possible with the production of bioethanol, biodiesel, and biohydrogen. Many countries have been producing green energy for the past two decades, and the demand for such energy is increasing with each passing year. Green energy is obtained from renewable sources and is considered safe for environment. Biotechnology had played a significant role in the development of bioenergy. By the use of biotechnological techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Rt PCR, and microarray, metagenomic and proteomic identification of new microorganisms has been carried out which produce biofuels more efficiently. Similarly, genetic engineering also played a significant role in the production of large volume of biofuels. Genetic engineering techniques such as metabolic engineering, genome shuffling, CRISPR-Cas9, and gene overexpression have been utilized in the efficient production of biofuels. Genetic engineering had also laid out the foundation of biofuel production from forestry leftovers. Similarly, besides biotechnology and genetic engineering, biorefineries are also vital for the efficient extraction of biofuels from feedstocks. It can be concluded that bioenergy is the future of world energy production, and both biotechnology and genetic engineering are the basic tools to enhance bioenergy production in the future; however, judicious use and ethical concerns of such technologies are also important in the efficient production of bioenergy.
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Hassan, A., Qureshi, M.K., Islam, B., Altaf, M.T. (2023). Biotechnological Approaches for the Production of Bioenergy. In: Aasim, M., Baloch, F.S., Nadeem, M.A., Habyarimana, E., Ahmed, S., Chung, G. (eds) Biotechnology and Omics Approaches for Bioenergy Crops. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-4954-0_3
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