Abstract
Dopamine (DA) regulates physiological functions through dopamine receptors (DARs), including D1, D2, D3, D4, and D5. All of the five subtypes mediate neuronal and non-neuronal functions in the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral organs including gastrointestinal (GI) tract. DA plays a wide range of physiological roles in the GI tract after binding to the DARs and/or the adrenergic receptors, which includes protection of GI mucosa, regulation of GI motility, secretion and absorption, etc. Here we predominately review the distribution of DARs on the GI mucosa, muscularis externa, and enteric nervous system.
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Abbreviations
- 6-OHDA:
-
6-Hydroxydopamine
- cAMP:
-
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate
- CD:
-
Crohn’s disease
- CNS:
-
Central nervous system
- D1R:
-
Dopamine D1 receptor
- D2R:
-
Dopamine D2 receptor
- D3R:
-
Dopamine D3 receptor
- D4R:
-
Dopamine D4 receptor
- D5R:
-
Dopamine D5 receptor
- DA:
-
Dopamine
- DARs:
-
Dopamine receptors
- DAT:
-
DA transporter
- ENS:
-
Enteric nervous system
- GI:
-
Gastrointestinal
- IBD:
-
Inflammatory bowel disease
- ICC:
-
Interstitial cells of Cajal
- IGF-IR:
-
Insulin-like growth factor receptor-I
- LMMP:
-
Longitudinal muscle myenteric plexus
- PD:
-
Parkinson’s disease
- RT-PCR:
-
Reverse transcription-PCR
- UC:
-
Ulcerative colitis
- VIP:
-
Vasoactive intestinal peptide
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Zhang, XL., Liu, S., Sun, Q., Zhu, JX. (2021). Dopamine Receptors in the Gastrointestinal Tract. In: Zhu, JX. (eds) Dopamine in the Gut. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6586-5_3
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