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The Role of Genetic, Genomic, and Breeding Approaches in the Fight Against Fungal Diseases in Wheat

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Cereal Diseases: Nanobiotechnological Approaches for Diagnosis and Management

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Abstract

Wheat is a major, widely cultivated staple cereal food resource, representing almost 200 million ha of agricultural areas. It is regarded as the second most important cultivated crop, equally consumed in different forms. In recent years, enormous progress in genomic advancement in fungal disease resistance has partially solved the problem throughout the globe. The landraces, conventional varieties, and wild species (primary, secondary, and tertiary gene pools) have been explored in search of resistant genes. Wheat’s cosmopolitan distribution and changes in global climatic conditions exposed the crop to various strains of fungal pathogens. Conventional and advanced breeding techniques provide a platform for identification and introgression of potential genes that help to combat the fungal disease exploits. Furthermore, the use of new genomic techniques such as marker-assisted breeding, RNAi editing, genome editing, speed breeding tilling, and so on empowers the harnessing of new rust-resistant genes. The chapter highlights the importance of potential donors of fungal resistance alleles in breeding strategies and new emerging techniques. Moreover, translational approaches are also essential to achieve long-term durable resistance along with the variable resistance nature of fungal pathogens.

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Abbreviations

AFLPs:

Amplified fragment length polymorphisms

BAC libraries:

Bacterial artificial chromosome libraries

CAPS:

Cleaved amplified-polymorphic sequence

CASS:

Chromosome arm-specific sequencing

DArT markers:

Diversity arrays markers

DHs:

Doubled haploids production

dsRNA:

Double-stranded RNA

FST:

Flow sorting technology

GM crops:

Genetically modified crops

GS:

Genomic determination

GWAS:

Genome-wide association studies

HIGS:

Host-induced gene silencing

MABS:

Marker-assisted backcrossing

MAS:

Marker-assisted selection

MNs:

Meganucleases

NGS:

Next-generation sequencing technologies

PM resistance genes:

Powdery mildew resistance genes

PtCNB:

Calcineurin B

PtCYC1:

Cyclophilin

PtMAPK1:

Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1

QTL:

Quantitative trait locus

R gene:

Resistance genes

RFLPs:

Restriction fragment length polymorphism

RNAi:

RNA interference

S genes:

Susceptibility genes

SIGS:

Spray-induced gene silencing

SNPs:

Single nucleotide polymorphism

SSD:

Single-seed-descent

SSRs:

Simple sequence repeats

STS:

Sequence targeted site

TILLING:

Targeting induced local lesions in genomes

WGSA:

Whole-genome shotgun approach

ZFNs:

Zinc-finger nucleases

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India

    Antul Kumar, Anuj Choudhary & Harmanjot Kaur

  2. Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India

    Radhika Sharma

  3. School of Agricultural Sciences, K.R. Mangalam University, Gurugram, Haryana, India

    Khushboo Singh & Sahil Mehta

  4. National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India

    Baljinder Singh

Authors
  1. Antul Kumar
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  2. Anuj Choudhary
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  3. Radhika Sharma
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  4. Harmanjot Kaur
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  5. Khushboo Singh
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  6. Baljinder Singh
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  7. Sahil Mehta
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt

    Kamel A. Abd-Elsalam

  2. Biological and Geological Science Department, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

    Heba I. Mohamed

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Kumar, A. et al. (2022). The Role of Genetic, Genomic, and Breeding Approaches in the Fight Against Fungal Diseases in Wheat. In: Abd-Elsalam, K.A., Mohamed, H.I. (eds) Cereal Diseases: Nanobiotechnological Approaches for Diagnosis and Management. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3120-8_12

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