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Somatic Embryogenesis in Bamboos: Advances and Prospects

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Biotechnological Advances in Bamboo

Abstract

Bamboos are one of the largest Poaceae groups and comprise about 1600 species distributed worldwide. Many of these species are sources of food, handicrafts, construction, charcoal, paper, and fiber. However, the obtainment of financially viable and high-quality seedlings of bamboo is not an easy task. Micropropagation has been successfully used to obtain large-scale bamboo seedlings and is one of the most promising techniques to overcome the bottlenecks in the propagation of these species. Two morphogenetic routes are being used in bamboo micropropagation: organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis (SE). In SE, one or more somatic cells differentiate into somatic embryos, resembling the structure of the zygotic embryo, with bipolar axes that are not vascular connected with the source tissue. Historically, SE has been neglected in comparison to organogenesis, possibly due to its greater complexity and difficulty in control and modulation. So far, ~30 bamboo species have established SE protocols, most of which from genera Bambusa and Dendrocalamus. This chapter discusses the principal advances in bamboo SE, with emphasis on complementary approaches as morpho-anatomy, biochemistry, and molecular biology. Also, we outline the main constraints and limitations of this promising technique and new paths to develop more efficient protocols.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Brazilian funding agencies CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior), CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico), and FAPESC (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e Inovação de Santa Catarina).

Author Contributions

LGP, LNV, and HPFF conceptualized the chapter; LGP and HPFF elaborated the figures and tables; all authors wrote the manuscript and revised the final version.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate Program in Plant Genetic Resources, Laboratory of Plant Developmental Physiology and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil

    Luiza Giacomolli Polesi & Miguel Pedro Guerra

  2. Department of Botany, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil

    Leila do Nascimento Vieira & Hugo Pacheco de Freitas Fraga

  3. Graduate Program in Agricultural and Natural Ecosystems, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Curitibanos Campus, Curitibanos, SC, Brazil

    Miguel Pedro Guerra

Authors
  1. Luiza Giacomolli Polesi
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  2. Leila do Nascimento Vieira
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  3. Miguel Pedro Guerra
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  4. Hugo Pacheco de Freitas Fraga
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hugo Pacheco de Freitas Fraga .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Bamboo development laboratory, Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China

    Zishan Ahmad

  2. Bamboo development laboratory, Bamboo Research Institute Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China

    Yulong Ding

  3. Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India

    Anwar Shahzad

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Polesi, L.G., do Nascimento Vieira, L., Guerra, M.P., Pacheco de Freitas Fraga, H. (2021). Somatic Embryogenesis in Bamboos: Advances and Prospects. In: Ahmad, Z., Ding, Y., Shahzad, A. (eds) Biotechnological Advances in Bamboo. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1310-4_4

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