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Groundwater Management for Irrigated Agriculture Through Geospatial Techniques

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Geospatial Technologies for Crops and Soils

Abstract

Groundwater irrigation plays an important role in sustainable agricultural development through protective shield during droughts and dry spells and intensifying and diversifying of the cropping system. The measuring, monitoring, and modeling of groundwater availability, condition, and distribution are the major step to formulate a sustainable groundwater management plan for agricultural use. The conventional methods to manage groundwater are tedious and costly. However, the modernization of geospatial techniques, namely, remote sensing (RS), geographic information system (GIS), Global Positioning System (GPS), etc., along with differential proximity sensing has enabled groundwater management both spatially and temporally. It can help in surveying, analyzing, detecting, differentiating, characterizing, mapping, monitoring, and modeling of the groundwater quantity, quality, distribution, extent, and association of groundwater resources. The major interventions of geospatial techniques in groundwater management are groundwater quality assessment, spatial zonation for irrigation, groundwater prospects mapping, dynamicity of groundwater storage, saltwater intrusion, etc. These applications have made a huge impact on groundwater management for crop and land resources on a sustainable basis. The multiparametric approach of geospatial techniques can minimize the time, labor, and money and thereby enable quick decision-making for efficient water resources management. However RS data has some inherent limitations of spatial, spectral, and temporal resolution, which sometimes makes it difficult to understand and asses the groundwater condition. Still, it is very important for the areas/regions especially developing nations where data scarcity in terms of quantity and quality is often an obstacle for solving real-world water problems. This chapter highlights the various approaches of groundwater management for irrigated agriculture using geospatial tools and techniques.

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Abbreviations

BIS:

Bureau of Indian Standards

DC:

Dharwar Craton

EC:

Electrical Conductivity

EMAG:

Earth Magnetic Anomaly Grid

EO:

Earth Observation

ERT:

Electrical Resistivity Tomography

EVI:

Enhanced Vegetation Index

FAO:

Food and Agricultural Organization

FCC:

False Color Composite

GIS:

Geographic Information System

GPR:

Ground Penetrating Radar

GRACE:

Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment

GWP:

Groundwater Potential

IDW:

Inverse Distance Weighted

LISA:

Local Indicators of Spatial Autocorrelations

LULC:

Land Use and Land Cover

NDMI:

Normalized Difference Moisture Index

NDVI:

Normalized Difference Vegetation Index

NDWI:

Normalized Difference Water Index

NGLM:

National Geomorphological Layer Mapping

NRDWP:

National Rural Drinking Water Program

OECD:

Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development

RSC:

Residual Sodium Carbonate

SAR:

Sodium Absorption Ratio

SWIR:

Shortwave Infrared

TDS:

Total Dissolved Solids

TWS:

Total Water Storage

VNIR:

Visible and Near-Infrared

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Geosciences Group, National Remote Sensing Centre, Department of Space, ISRO, Hyderabad, Telangana, India

    Rajarshi Saha, Suryadipta Mukherjee, Iswar Chandra Das & K. Vinod Kumar

  2. Soil and Land Resources Assessment Division, National Remote Sensing Centre, Department of Space, ISRO, Hyderabad, Telangana, India

    Tarik Mitran

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  1. Rajarshi Saha
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  2. Tarik Mitran
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  3. Suryadipta Mukherjee
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  4. Iswar Chandra Das
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  5. K. Vinod Kumar
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Correspondence to Rajarshi Saha .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Soil and Land Resources Assessment Division, National Remote Sensing Centre Department of Space, ISRO, Hyderabad, Telangana, India

    Tarik Mitran

  2. Department of Agronomy, Institute of Agricultural Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Ram Swaroop Meena

  3. Agroecosystem and Modeling Division Agricultural Sciences and Applications Group, National Remote Sensing Centre Department of Space, ISRO, Hyderabad, Telangana, India

    Abhishek Chakraborty

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Saha, R., Mitran, T., Mukherjee, S., Das, I.C., Kumar, K.V. (2021). Groundwater Management for Irrigated Agriculture Through Geospatial Techniques. In: Mitran, T., Meena, R.S., Chakraborty, A. (eds) Geospatial Technologies for Crops and Soils. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6864-0_13

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