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Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Imaging Mass Spectrometry: Technology and Applications

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Toxic Chemical and Biological Agents

Abstract

Biological imaging modalities are commonly used for characterization of health and disease, but each have trade-offs in the areas of spatial resolution, molecular coverage and specificity, and targeted or untargeted approaches. Stained tissue microscopy allows high spatial resolution to visualize tissue morphologies and cellular structure but provides little molecular information. Immunohistochemistry allows high spatial resolution similar to that of organic stains with the benefit of specific molecular information with the use of antibodies. However, molecular targets must be known in advance and antibodies may select for multiple molecular species. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) allows for the untargeted detection of hundreds to thousands of molecular species within a single experiment. Although it has somewhat lower spatial resolution than microscopy, IMS enables the detection of a wide range of biological species at increased molecular coverage with high spatial resolution and sensitivity using advanced data processing techniques. Herein, we present up-to-date examples of the current technologies of MALDI IMS.

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Acknowledgments

RMC acknowledges funding from NIH General Medical Sciences grant 2P41 GM103391.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA

    Josiah C. McMillen, William J. Perry, Kavya Sharman, Katerina V. Djambazova & Richard M. Caprioli

  2. Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA

    Josiah C. McMillen, William J. Perry, Katerina V. Djambazova & Richard M. Caprioli

  3. Program in Chemical and Physical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA

    Kavya Sharman

  4. Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA

    Richard M. Caprioli

  5. Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA

    Richard M. Caprioli

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  1. Josiah C. McMillen
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  2. William J. Perry
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  3. Kavya Sharman
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  4. Katerina V. Djambazova
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  5. Richard M. Caprioli
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Correspondence to Richard M. Caprioli .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy

    Giovanni Sindona

  2. Special Projects Science Branch, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, St. John’s, NL, Canada

    Joseph H. Banoub

  3. Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nurture Science, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy

    Maria Luisa Di Gioia

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McMillen, J.C., Perry, W.J., Sharman, K., Djambazova, K.V., Caprioli, R.M. (2020). Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Imaging Mass Spectrometry: Technology and Applications. In: Sindona, G., Banoub, J.H., Di Gioia, M.L. (eds) Toxic Chemical and Biological Agents. NATO Science for Peace and Security Series A: Chemistry and Biology. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-2041-8_7

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