Abstract
To understand the formation and diagenesis of carbonate rocks mineralogical and geochemical data derived from the study of non-carbonate constituents, trace elements, and stable isotopes must be integrated. Other indicators for depositional and diagenetic conditions are organic matter and organic carbon.
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Basics: Insoluble residues in limestones
Adatte, T., Rumley, G. (1984): Microfaciès, minéralogie, stratigraphie et évolution des milieux de depôts de la plateforme berriaso-valanginienne des régions de Sainte-Croix (VD), Cressier et du Landeron (NE). — Bulletin de la Societé Neuchâteloise des Sciences Naturelles, 107, 221–239
Bausch, W. (1980): Tonmineralprovinzen in Malmkalken. — Erlanger Forschungen, Reihe B, 8, 78 pp.
Bausch, W. (1996): Noncarbonates as controlling factor in reef growth and as a tool in reef stratigraphy (with examples from the Upper Jurassic of southern Germany). — Göttinger Arbeiten zur Geologie und Paläontologie, Sonderband, 2, 203–205
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Cater, J.M.L. (1984): An application of scanning electron microscopy of quartz sand surface textures to the environmental diagnosis of Neogene carbonate sediments, Finestrat Basin, south-east Spain. — Sedimentology, 31, 717–731
Chamley, H. (1989): Clay sedimentology. — 623 pp., Berlin (Springer)
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Further reading: K068, K153
Basics: Authigenic minerals in carbonate rocks
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Glauconite
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Pyrite
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Schieber, J. (2002): Sedimentary pyrite: a window into the microbial past. — Geology, 30, 531–534
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Sulfates: Evaporites
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Sarg, J.F. (2001): The sequence stratigraphy, sedimentology and economic importance of evaporite-carbonate transitions. — Sedimentary Geology, 140, 9–34
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Further reading: K065
Phosphates and phosphorites
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Lucas, J., Prévost-Lucas, L. (2002): Phosphorite and limestone, two independent end-member products of the range of bio-productivity in shallow-marine environments. — In: Glenn, C.R., Prévost-Lucas, L., Lucas, J. (eds.): Marine authigenesis: from global to microbial. — SEPM, Special Publications, 66, 117–127
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Soudry, D. (2000): Microbial phosphate sediments. — In: Riding, R., Awramik, S.E. (eds.): Microbial sediments. — 127–136, Berlin (Springer)
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Trappe, J. (2001): A nomenclature system for granular phosphate rocks according to depositional texture. — Sedimentary Geology, 145, 135–150
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Basics: Trace elements in carbonates
Brand, U. and Veizer, J. (1980): Chemical diagenesis of a multicomponent carbonate system — I. Trace elements. — Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 50, 1219–1236
Carpenter, S.J. and Lohmann, K.C. (1992): Sr/Mg ratios of modern marine calcite: empirical indicators of ocean chemistry and precipitation rate. — Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 56, 1837–1849
Churnet, H.G., Misra, K.C. (1981): Genetic implications of the trace distribution pattern in the upper Knox carbonate rocks, Copper Ridge District, East Tennessee. — Sedimen-tary Geology, 30, 173–194
Kühl, A., Schreiber, A., Scheffler, E. (1996): Faziesanalyse mit multivariatstatistischen und geostatistischen Methoden des Dunklen Knotenkalkes von Wildenfels. — Freiberger Forschungshefte, C., 462, 212 pp.
Morse, J.W., Mackenzie, F.T. (1990): Geochemistry of sedimentary carbonates. — 707 pp., Amsterdam (Elsevier)
Popp. B., Anderson, F.T., Sandberg, P.A. (1986): Textural, elemental and isotopic variations among constituents in Middle Devonian limestones, North America. — Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 56, 715–727
Renard, M. (1986): Pelagic carbonate chemostratigraphy (Sr, Mg, 18O,13C). — Marine Micropaleontology, 16, 117–164
Veizer, J. (1983): Chemical diagenesis of carbonates: theory and application of trace element techniques. — In: Arthur, M.A., Anderson, T.F., Kaplan, I.R., Veizer, J., Land, L.S. (eds.): Stable isotopes in sedimentary geology. — Soc. Econom. Paleont. Miner., Short Course, 10, 3.1–3.100
Further reading: K154, K155, K156
Basics: Stable isotopes
Arthur, M.A., Anderson, T.F., Kaplan, I.R., Veizer, J., Land, L.S. (1983): Stable isotopes in sedimentary geology. — Soc. Econom. Paleont. Miner., Short Course, 10, 1–151
Banner, J.J. (1995): Application of the trace element and isotope geochemistry of strontium to studies of carbonate diagenesis. — Sedimentology, 42, 805–824
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Berger, H., Vincent, E. (1986): Deep-sea carbonates: Reading the carbon-isotope signal. — Geologische Rundschau, 75, 249–269
Brand, U., Veizer, J. (1981): Chemical diagenesis of a multicomponent carbonate system. — 2: Stable isotopes. — Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 51, 987–997
Clauer, N., Chaudhuri, S. (eds., 1992): Isotopic signatures and sedimentary records. — Lecture Notes in Earth Sciences, 43, 529 pp.
Elderfield, H. (1986): Strontium isotope stratigraphy. — Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 57, 71–90
Faure, G. (1986): Principles of isotope geology. — 589 pp., New York (Wiley)
Hoefs, J. (1997): Stable isotope geochemistry. 4th edition. — 201 pp., Berlin (Springer)
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Joachimski, M. (1991): Stabile Isotopen (C, O) und Geochemie der Purbeck-Mikrite in Abhängigkeit von Fazies und Diagenese (Berriasian/Schweizer und Französischer Jura, Südengland). — Erlanger Geologische Abhandlungen, 119, 1–114
Marshall, J.D. (1992): Climatic and oceanographie signals from the carbonate rock record and their preservation. — Geological Magazine, 129, 143–160
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Munnecke, A., Samtleben, C., Bickert, T. (2003): The Ireviken event in the lower Silurian of Gotland, Sweden — relations to similar Palaeozoic and Proterozoic events. — Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 195, 99–124
Popp, B.N., Anderson, T.F., Sandberg, P.A. (1986): Brachiopods as indicators of original isotopie compositions in some Palaeozoic limestones. — Geological Society of America, Bulletin, 97, 1262–1269
Rasser, M., Fenninger, A. (2002): Paleoenvironmental and diagenetic implications of δ18O and δ13C isotope ratios from the Upper Jurassic Plassen limestone (Northern Calcareous Alps, Austria). — Geobios, 35, 41–49
Schidlowski, M. (2000): Carbon isotopes and microbial sediments. — In: Riding, R., Awramik, S.M. (eds.): Microbial sediments. — 84–95, Berlin (Springer)
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Further reading: K157, K158 (stable isotopes in sediments), K159 (stable isotopes in organisms and fossils)
Basics: Organic matter
Crick, R.E. (ed., 1989): Origin, evolution and modern aspects of biomineralization in plants and animals. — 536 pp., New York (Plenum Press)
De Leeuw, J.W., Frewin, N.L., Van Bergen, PR, Sinninghe Damste, J.S., Collinson, M.E. (1995): Organic carbon as a paleoenvironmental indicator in the marine realm. — In: Bosence, D.W., Allison, P.A. (eds.): Marine paleoenvironmental analysis from fossils. — Geological Society of London, Special Publication, 83, 43–71
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Marynowski, L., Narkiewicz, M., Grelowski, C. (2000): Biomarkers as environmental indicators in a carbonate complex, example from the Middle to Upper Devonian, Holy Cross Mountains, Poland. — Sedimentary Geology, 137, 187–212
Peters, K.E., Moldovan, J.M. (1993): The biomarker guide — interpreting molecular fossils in petroleum and ancient sediments. — 363 pp., Englewood Cliffs (Prentice Hall)
Ramseyer, K., Miano, T.M., D’Orazio, V., Wildberger, A., Wagner, T., Geister, J. (1997): Nature and origin of organic matter in carbonates from speleothems, marine cements and coral skeletons. — Organic Geochemistry, 26, 361–378
Ricken, W. (1993): Sedimentation as a three-component system. — Lecture Notes in Earth Science, 51, 211 pp., Berlin (Springer)
Tyson, R.V. (1995): Sedimentary organic matter. Organic facies and palynofacies. — 615 pp., London (Chapman and Hall)
Whelan, J.K., Farrington, J.W. (eds., 1992): Organic matter: productivity, accumulation and preservation in recent and ancient sediments. — 533 pp., New York (Columbia Press)
Further reading: K069
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Flügel, E. (2004). Integrated Facies Analysis. In: Microfacies of Carbonate Rocks. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08726-8_13
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08726-8_13
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