Abstract
The cornea is more than just a transparent piece of collagen. All of its five anatomical layers are essential for maintaining an avascular, anti-inflammatory and transparent state of the cornea, thus enabling good visual acuity. Besides the five conventional layers of the cornea (i.e., epithelium, Bowman’s layer, stroma, Descemet’s membrane and corneal endothelium), there are several other (partly “invisible”) structures and cell populations residing in and around the normal cornea. These include stromal and epithelial antigen-presenting cells (APCs: dendritic cells and macrophages), stromal and epithelial stem cells, limbal blood and — clinically invisible — lymphatic vessels as well as corneal nerves. All of these structures and cell populations are relevant for corneal microsurgeons in one or another aspect. In the following chapter, first normal corneal anatomy will be discussed briefly with respect to corneal surgery. Then selected corneal pathologies will be outlined with respect to surgical procedures of the cornea. Finally, pathologic aspects of certain corneal surgical procedures and aspects of corneal wound healing will be described.
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Cursiefen, C. et al. (2008). Special Anatomy and Pathology in Intraocular Microsurgery. In: Naumann, G.O.H., Holbach, L.M., Kruse, F.E. (eds) Applied Pathology for Ophthalmic Microsurgeons. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68366-7_5
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