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Biochemical Markers of Bone Turnover

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Bone Toxicology

Part of the book series: Molecular and Integrative Toxicology ((MOLECUL))

Abstract

The use of clinically relevant biomarkers provides an important noninvasive, sensitive, rapid, and real-time tool to monitor bone activity at the whole skeleton level and to investigate potential mechanisms. The goal of this chapter is to describe the biochemical markers of bone turnover, consisting of markers of bone formation and bone resorption, considered important when conducting safety assessments in a preclinical setting. The bone formation markers used are osteocalcin, bone alkaline phosphatase, and procollagen type I propeptides, and the bone resorption markers are tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, deoxypyridinoline, N-telopeptides, and C-telopeptides. Markers can be included in any study type and are available for most animal species routinely used for safety assessments. Changes in bone markers signal perturbations in bone and as such are useful as a screening tool in early drug development or to monitor temporal changes in a chronic setting. When combined with additional (in vivo) end-points such as calcium and phosphorus measures, analysis of the calciotropic hormones , fibroblast growth factor 23, insulin-like growth factor-1, and bone densitometry, they provide important mechanistic information to further characterize the effects of a compound on the skeleton.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. SY Smith Consulting, Montreal, QC, Canada

    Susan Y. Smith

  2. Charles River Preclinical Services, Senneville, QC, Canada

    Rana Samadfam

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  1. Susan Y. Smith
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  2. Rana Samadfam
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Correspondence to Susan Y. Smith .

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  1. Montreal, Québec, Canada

    Susan Y. Smith

  2. Charles River Preclinical Services, Senneville, Québec, Canada

    Aurore Varela

  3. Charles River Preclinical Services, Senneville, Québec, Canada

    Rana Samadfam

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Smith, S.Y., Samadfam, R. (2017). Biochemical Markers of Bone Turnover. In: Smith, S., Varela, A., Samadfam, R. (eds) Bone Toxicology. Molecular and Integrative Toxicology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56192-9_5

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