Abstract
Numerical calculation from the full differential equations for convection in an unbounded region is expensive, and hence approximate solutions are important. For small values of the Rayleigh number Ra, perturbation methods are appropriate. At large values of Ra thermal boundary layers are formed, and boundary layer theory is the obvious method of investigation. This approach forms the subject of much of this chapter. We follow to a large extent the discussion by Cheng (1985a), supplemented by surveys by Pop and Ingham (2000, 2001) and Pop (2004).
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Nield, D.A., Bejan, A. (2017). External Natural Convection. In: Convection in Porous Media. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49562-0_5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49562-0_5
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