Abstract
Bioconversion of lignocellulosic materials draws much interest as they are regarded as a renewable source of energy and platform chemicals. The enzyme aryl-alcohol oxidase (AAO) has been extensively studied, revealing its involvement in biodegradation of lignocellulose by several well-known white-rot fungi. Its physiological role is to supply hydrogen peroxide from the oxidation of aromatic substrates derived from fungal secondary metabolism or lignin degradation, which can: (i) be used by peroxidases to oxidise lignin; or (ii) give rise, through Fenton reaction, to hydroxyl radical that is able (itself) to depolymerise cellulose and oxidise lignin. Several features make this enzyme an appealing biocatalyst that has shown its potential for industrial applications: AAO has a broad range of substrates that it oxidises by stereoselective hydride transfer reaction mechanism, and reduces atmospheric molecular oxygen as a co-substrate producing hydrogen peroxide.
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Abbreviations
- AAO:
-
Aryl-alcohol oxidase
- DFF:
-
2,5-Diformylfuran
- FDCA:
-
2,5-Furandicarboxylic acid
- FFCA:
-
5-Formylfurancarboxylic acid
- GMC:
-
Glucose-methanol-choline oxidase/dehydrogenase superfamily
- HMF:
-
5-Hydroxymethylfurfural
- HMFCA:
-
5-Hydroxymethylfurancarboxylic acid
- LiP:
-
Lignin peroxidase
- MnP:
-
Manganese peroxidase
- PEF:
-
Poly(ethylene furandicarbolylate)
- UPO:
-
Unspecific peroxygenase
- VP:
-
Versatile peroxidase
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Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the HIPOP (BIO2011-26694) and the NOESIS (BIO2014-56388-R) projects of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, and the INDOX (KBBE-2013-7-613549) and EnzOx2 (H2020-BBI-PPP-2015-RIA-720297) European projects. J.C. acknowledges a FPU fellowship of the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport.
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Carro, J., Serrano, A., Ferreira, P., Martínez, A.T. (2016). Fungal Aryl-Alcohol Oxidase in Lignocellulose Degradation and Bioconversion. In: Gupta, V. (eds) Microbial Enzymes in Bioconversions of Biomass. Biofuel and Biorefinery Technologies, vol 3. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43679-1_12
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