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Cardiovascular Biomarkers in Acute Myocardial Infarction

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Ischemic Heart Disease

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Abstract

The use of a large number of cardiovascular biomarkers, meant to complement the use of the electrocardiogram, echocardiography cardiac imaging, and clinical symptom assessment, has become a routine in clinical diagnosis, differential diagnosis, risk stratification, and prognosis and guides the management of patients with suspected cardiovascular diseases. Accordingly, the aim of this chapter is to explore the literature on cardiac biomarkers, mainly focusing on the role and applications of cTn and NP in the diagnosis, risk stratification, and management of patients with AMI, discussing some additional available routine biomarkers and newer biomarkers with relevant potential clinical value in the future.

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Abbreviations

AACC:

American Association for Clinical Chemistry

ACC:

American College of Cardiology

AHA:

American Heart Association

AMI:

Acute myocardial infarction

ANP:

Atrial natriuretic peptide

AST:

Aspartate aminotransferase

AST:

Aspartate transaminase

BNP:

B-type (or brain) natriuretic peptide

CAD:

Coronary artery disease

CK:

Creatine kinase

CNP:

C-type natriuretic peptide

CRP:

C-reactive protein

c-Tn:

Cardiac troponins

CVD:

Cardiovascular disease

ESC:

European Society of Cardiology

HBT:

Heterophilic blocking tubes

HF:

Heart failure

IL:

Interleukin

LDH:

Lactate dehydrogenase

MB:

Myoglobin

miRNAs:

MicroRNAs

MPV:

Mean platelet volume

ncRNA:

Noncoding RNA

NLR:

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio

NP:

Natriuretic peptides

NT-proBNP:

N-terminal fragment of precursor BNP

PDW:

Platelet distribution width

PLR:

Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio

POCT:

Point-of-care testing

RDW:

Red cell distribution width

WBC:

White blood cells

WHO:

World Health Organization

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Fondazione CNR-Regione Toscana, G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy

    Cristina Vassalle

  2. Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy

    Laura Sabatino

  3. Department of Medicine, Institute of Radiology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy

    Alessia Pepe

Authors
  1. Cristina Vassalle
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  2. Laura Sabatino
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  3. Alessia Pepe
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Correspondence to Cristina Vassalle .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Adult Cardiac Surgery, Ospedale del cuore “G. Pasquinucci", Massa, Italy

    Giovanni Concistrè

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Vassalle, C., Sabatino, L., Pepe, A. (2023). Cardiovascular Biomarkers in Acute Myocardial Infarction. In: Concistrè, G. (eds) Ischemic Heart Disease. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25879-4_9

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