Abstract
The combined effects of climate change and anthropogenic-driven soil erosion have led to a progressive increase in aridity and resulting desertification of many of Earth’s biomes. Hot deserts are characterized by wide temperature fluctuations, low precipitation levels, and high UV radiation, leading to extreme abiotic conditions that challenge all life. Among these stresses, desiccation, osmotic stress, and oligotrophy have the most impacts on edaphic microbial communities. In response, these communities have developed several adaptative mechanisms that are broadly distributed among taxa and allow them to survive and even thrive under the harsh desert conditions. In this chapter, we discuss the molecular, metabolic, and physiological strategies that enable microbial taxa to survive in hot desert soils. We will focus on both general adaptive mechanisms that are used against multiple stressors, such as sporulation, and stressor-specific adaptions such as desiccation-driven solute accumulation. Understanding the adaptative mechanisms used by microbes to survive in harsh desert-associated conditions will provide useful information on community survival strategies in such ecosystems.
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Coclet, C., Cowan, D., Lebre, P.H. (2022). Survival under Stress: Microbial Adaptation in Hot Desert Soils. In: Ramond, JB., Cowan, D.A. (eds) Microbiology of Hot Deserts. Ecological Studies, vol 244. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98415-1_10
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